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Related Concept Videos

Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors01:19

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are typically...
Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants01:18

Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants

Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K antagonists, exemplified by warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), such as dabigatran, as well as factor Xa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban.
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers01:18

Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers

Calcium ions are essential to contract smooth muscle cells in blood vessels. They enter these cells through voltage-dependent calcium channels, specifically L-type calcium channels in the cell membrane. These L-type calcium channels are integral to the excitation-contraction coupling process in smooth muscle. When a stimulus is received by smooth muscle cells, their membrane depolarizes. This alteration in membrane potential instigates the opening of L-type calcium channels. As a result,...
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class IV Agents as Calcium Channel Blockers01:20

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class IV Agents as Calcium Channel Blockers

Class IV antiarrhythmic drugs, such as verapamil and diltiazem, block calcium channels. They primarily affect the heart, slowing the conduction in calcium-dependent tissues like the SA and AV nodes. These drugs manage reentrant supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and reduce ventricular rate in atrial flutter/fibrillation.
Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, inhibits calcium movement across myocardial cell membranes and vascular smooth muscle. This results in the dilation of coronary and...

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Updated: May 28, 2026

Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries
08:20

Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries

Published on: March 31, 2021

Food components with anticaries activity.

Gabriella Gazzani1, Maria Daglia, Adele Papetti

  • 1Department of Drug Sciences, Pavia University, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy. gabriella.gazzani@unipv.it

Current Opinion in Biotechnology
|October 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Functional foods like green tea show promise in preventing cavities by inhibiting mutans group Streptococci (MGS). Research is exploring various natural compounds for safer, effective alternatives to synthetic treatments.

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Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs
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Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs

Published on: July 6, 2015

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Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries
08:20

Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries

Published on: March 31, 2021

Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs
07:33

Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs

Published on: July 6, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Oral microbiology
  • Nutritional science
  • Preventive dentistry

Background:

  • Dental caries is a prevalent global infectious disease.
  • Dietary factors significantly influence mutans group Streptococci (MGS) activity, contributing to caries development.
  • Research seeks safe, functional foods as alternatives to synthetic chlorhexidine for caries prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review functional foods and their components with potential anticaries activity.
  • To identify natural compounds that inhibit MGS growth and virulence.
  • To explore alternatives to synthetic treatments for reducing or preventing dental caries.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of in vitro and in vivo studies on functional foods and anticaries activity.
  • Identification of specific compounds within foods demonstrated to affect MGS.
  • Analysis of evidence supporting the efficacy of natural agents against oral pathogens.

Main Results:

  • Green tea, rich in epigallocatechin-gallate, has strong evidence for oral health benefits.
  • Several foods, including apple, grape seeds, coffee, and cocoa, show in vitro anticaries potential.
  • Cranberry, licorice root, myrtus, garlic, and propolis exhibit in vivo anticaries activity.

Conclusions:

  • Functional foods offer promising natural strategies for caries prevention.
  • Specific compounds from various food sources can inhibit MGS and reduce caries risk.
  • Further research into these natural agents could lead to novel preventive dental therapies.