Prevalence and predictive factors of sleep bruxism in children with and without cognitive impairment

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Cristina Batista Miamoto1, Luciano José Pereira, Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge

  • 1Department of Clinical Dentistry, Vale do Rio Verde University, Três Corações, MG, Brazil.

Brazilian Oral Research
|October 28, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Sleep bruxism (SB) affects 23% of children, with no difference based on cognitive impairment. Sucking habits, posterior crossbite, and tooth wear facets are key factors associated with SB in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Neurology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sleep bruxism (SB) is frequently observed in individuals with cognitive impairments.
  • Understanding SB prevalence and associated factors in children with and without cognitive impairment is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of sleep bruxism (SB) in children with and without cognitive impairment.
  • To identify factors associated with the clinical manifestation of SB in these pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 180 children divided into three groups: typically developing, Down syndrome, and cerebral palsy.
  • Assessment of malocclusions using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), lip competence via Ballard's criteria, and bio-psychosocial factors through questionnaires and clinical examination.
  • Statistical analysis using chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression to identify significant associations.

Main Results:

  • The overall prevalence of sleep bruxism (SB) was 23%, with no statistically significant differences observed between the cognitive impairment groups.
  • Sucking habits (OR=4.44), posterior crossbite (OR=3.04), and tooth wear facets (OR=3.32) were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of exhibiting SB.
  • These factors were identified as directly linked to the clinical presentation of bruxism in the studied children.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive impairment status does not appear to influence the prevalence of sleep bruxism (SB) in children.
  • Sucking habits, posterior crossbite, and tooth wear are significant clinical indicators associated with sleep bruxism in children, regardless of cognitive status.

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