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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management01:19

Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management

The nursing management of Mitral Valve Prolapse, or MVP, centers around patient education, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.Patient Education on MVP Diagnosis and Heredity: Nurses should provide comprehensive education about MVP, a condition where the mitral valve does not close appropriately during heartbeats. This education often includes the condition's pathophysiology, symptoms, and potential complications, like arrhythmias or mitral regurgitation. Though not fully...
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells
06:09

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells

Published on: June 7, 2019

Melanoma in pregnancy.

Mamta B Jhaveri1, Marcia S Driscoll, Jane M Grant-Kels

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
|October 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Pregnancy does not worsen survival for localized malignant melanoma (MM). The risk of MM metastasis to the fetus is extremely low, occurring only in widely metastatic cases.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Clinicians have historically debated pregnancy's impact on malignant melanoma (MM) prognosis.
  • Increasing maternal age at childbearing may raise the incidence of MM during pregnancy.
  • Pregnancy-induced immunosuppression could theoretically promote more aggressive melanoma behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory data on melanoma in pregnancy.
  • To guide clinicians in managing melanoma diagnosed during pregnancy.
  • To inform counseling regarding prognosis, treatment, and fetal implications.

Main Methods:

  • Compilation of recent clinical studies.
  • Analysis of epidemiologic data.

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Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model
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Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells
06:09

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells

Published on: June 7, 2019

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model
12:37

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: September 7, 2013

  • Review of laboratory findings.

    • Main Results:

    • Localized malignant melanoma (MM) diagnosed during pregnancy does not affect survival.
    • Prior or subsequent pregnancies do not alter MM prognosis.
    • No increased MM risk is linked to oral contraceptive use; hormonal replacement therapy shows no clear higher risk.
    • Fetal metastasis risk is minimal, observed primarily in cases of widely metastatic MM.

    Conclusions:

    • Pregnancy does not negatively impact survival for localized malignant melanoma.
    • Oral contraceptive use and hormonal replacement therapy do not appear to increase MM risk.
    • Fetal risk from melanoma is extremely rare and associated with advanced maternal disease.