Screening by chest radiograph and lung cancer mortality: the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) randomized trial
- Martin M Oken 1, Willam G Hocking , Paul A Kvale , Gerald L Andriole , Saundra S Buys , Timothy R Church , E David Crawford , Mona N Fouad , Claudine Isaacs , Douglas J Reding , Joel L Weissfeld , Lance A Yokochi , Barbara O'Brien , Lawrence R Ragard , Joshua M Rathmell , Thomas L Riley , Patrick Wright , Neil Caparaso , Ping Hu , Grant Izmirlian , Paul F Pinsky , Philip C Prorok , Barnett S Kramer , Anthony B Miller , John K Gohagan , Christine D Berg ,
- 1School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
- 0School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Annual chest radiograph screening for lung cancer did not reduce mortality in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. This study found no significant difference in lung cancer deaths between screened and usual care groups.
Area Of Science
- Oncology
- Radiology
- Preventive Medicine
Background
- The efficacy of modern chest radiographs in reducing lung cancer mortality remains uncertain.
- The Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial investigated lung cancer screening.
- ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00002540.
Purpose Of The Study
- To determine if lung cancer screening with radiographs impacts mortality rates.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of annual chest radiography screening within the PLCO trial.
Main Methods
- A large-scale randomized controlled trial involving over 154,000 participants aged 55-74.
- Comparison of annual chest radiographs (intervention) versus usual medical care (control) over 4 years.
- Long-term follow-up for up to 13 years to ascertain lung cancer incidence and mortality.
Main Results
- Lung cancer incidence rates were similar between the screening and usual care groups (20.1 vs. 19.2 per 10,000 person-years).
- No significant reduction in lung cancer mortality was observed; the mortality rate ratio was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.87-1.22).
- Analysis of a subset eligible for the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) also showed no mortality benefit.
Conclusions
- Annual screening for lung cancer using chest radiographs does not decrease mortality.
- The findings suggest that chest radiography is not an effective screening tool for reducing lung cancer deaths.
- Further research may be needed to explore alternative screening modalities.
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