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Related Concept Videos

Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Parenting Styles01:27

Parenting Styles

Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative Parenting
This...
Bullying02:04

Bullying

A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is bullying.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other01:20

Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other

According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group effort.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Self-distancing in Young Children
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Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Self-distancing in Young Children

Published on: March 1, 2019

Single Parenting and Child Behavior Problems in Kindergarten.

Aurora P Jackson, Kathleen S J Preston, Todd M Franke

    Race and Social Problems
    |October 28, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Parenting stress and spanking increase child behavior problems. However, positive nonresident father involvement can buffer the negative effects of harsh maternal discipline on children

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    Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

    Published on: September 19, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Child Psychology
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Family Studies

    Background:

    • Parenting stress and physical discipline are significant factors impacting child behavior.
    • The role of nonresident fathers in child development, particularly among low-income families, requires further investigation.
    • Understanding protective factors is crucial for mitigating behavioral issues in preschool and kindergarten children.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the influence of parenting stress, physical discipline, and nonresident father-child relations on kindergarten behavior problems.
    • To investigate the moderating effect of father-child contact on the relationship between maternal discipline and child behavior.

    Main Methods:

    • Longitudinal study utilizing two waves of data from 89 single Black mothers and their preschool children.
    • Assessment of parenting stress, physical discipline (spanking), father-child contact, and teacher-reported behavior problems.
    • Statistical analysis to identify direct associations and moderating effects.

    Main Results:

    • Higher parenting stress, increased spanking, and less father-child contact at Time 1 predicted more behavior problems at Time 2.
    • Nonresident father-child contact moderated the impact of maternal spanking; high contact buffered against negative behavioral outcomes.
    • Maternal spanking was linked to elevated behavior problems only when father-child contact was low.

    Conclusions:

    • Parenting stress and physical discipline are risk factors for child behavior problems.
    • Positive engagement from nonresident fathers can protect children against the detrimental effects of harsh maternal discipline.
    • Findings suggest interventions should consider strengthening father-child relationships to support child behavioral development.