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Nasal disease and asthma
G L Marseglia1, P Merli, D Caimmi
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Pavia - Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology
|October 29, 2011
Summary
Nasal diseases like allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and nasal polyposis are linked to asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. This review clarifies the complex relationship between upper and lower airway conditions.
Area of Science:
- Otorhinolaryngology
- Pulmonology
- Immunology
Background:
- The nose functions as a critical airway filter and conditioner.
- Nasal diseases are frequently associated with comorbidities, including asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR).
- Existing research highlights upper and lower airway connections, but uncertainties persist due to the heterogeneity of nasal disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review epidemiological, pathophysiological, and clinical data on the relationship between nasal diseases and asthma.
- To differentiate the impact of allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and nasal polyposis on asthma.
- To address diagnostic challenges and heterogeneity in nasal disorder classification.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review.
- Analysis of epidemiological data.
- Evaluation of pathophysiological mechanisms.
- Clinical data assessment.
Main Results:
- The review synthesizes current evidence linking specific nasal conditions to asthma.
- It highlights distinct pathophysiological pathways for allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and nasal polyposis in relation to asthma.
- Data on epidemiological prevalence and clinical manifestations are presented.
Conclusions:
- Nasal diseases represent a significant factor in asthma development and exacerbation.
- Understanding the specific type of nasal condition is crucial for effective asthma management.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate complex interactions and improve diagnostic criteria.
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