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Related Concept Videos

Telomeres and Telomerase02:41

Telomeres and Telomerase

In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded DNA.
Telomeres and Telomerase02:41

Telomeres and Telomerase

In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded DNA.
Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...

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Updated: May 28, 2026

Semi-quantitative Detection of RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase Activity of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Protein
08:26

Semi-quantitative Detection of RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase Activity of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Protein

Published on: June 12, 2018

Telomerase regulation.

Catherine Cifuentes-Rojas1, Dorothy E Shippen

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA.

Mutation Research
|October 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Telomerase regulation, crucial for human health, involves complex controls including its catalytic subunit (TERT) and RNA component. This review details recent advances in understanding these fundamental mechanisms.

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Utilizing Murine Inducible Telomerase Alleles in the Studies of Tissue Degeneration/Regeneration and Cancer
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Telomerase Activity in the Various Regions of Mouse Brain: Non-Radioactive Telomerase Repeat Amplification Protocol (TRAP) Assay
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Telomerase plays a critical role in maintaining telomere length.
  • Dysregulation of telomerase is linked to various human diseases, including cancer and aging.
  • Understanding telomerase regulation is key to developing therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in the fundamental mechanisms of telomerase regulation.
  • To highlight the complexity of telomerase control at multiple levels.
  • To discuss the implications of telomerase regulation in human disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on telomerase regulation.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on TERT, telomerase RNA component, gene dosage, and alternative isoforms.
  • Examination of research on telomerase localization, recruitment, and enzymatic activity at telomeres.

Main Results:

  • Telomerase regulation is a multi-layered process involving its catalytic subunit (TERT) and RNA component.
  • Alterations in gene dosage and alternative isoforms of core telomerase components are significant.
  • Telomerase localization, telomere recruitment, and enzymatic activity are dynamically modulated.

Conclusions:

  • Recent advances have significantly improved our understanding of telomerase regulation.
  • The complex regulatory network of telomerase offers potential therapeutic targets for human diseases.
  • Further research into these mechanisms is essential for clinical applications.