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School-based vaccination: a systematic review of process evaluations
Spring Chenoa Cooper Robbins1, Kirsten Ward, S Rachel Skinner
1Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Australia. dr.Spring@gmail.com
Vaccine
|October 29, 2011
Summary
This systematic review highlights that involving school nurses, parents, teachers, and adolescents is crucial for successful school-based vaccination programs. Effective communication and streamlined consent processes improve participation and vaccination coverage.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Health Services Research
Background:
- School-based vaccination programs are increasingly utilized for vaccine delivery.
- Systematic reviews of the implementation (process) evaluations of these programs are lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the literature on process evaluations of school-based vaccination delivery programs.
- To identify key factors influencing the implementation of school-based vaccination.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search using terms like "school based vaccination" and related keywords.
- Inclusion of peer-reviewed articles from developed countries, published 1970-2010, focusing on school-based vaccinations.
- Exclusion of qualitative papers without evaluation, impact-only evaluations, and pre-1970 publications.
Main Results:
- 14 articles were identified with process evaluation elements for school-based vaccination programs.
- Stakeholder involvement (nurses, parents, teachers, adolescents) was key to implementation.
- Outcomes included consent form return rates, vaccine knowledge, attitudes, reasons for non-vaccination, resources, and environmental factors.
Conclusions:
- Involving all stakeholders (school nurses, parents, teachers, adolescents) with appropriate information is vital for program success.
- Efficient consent form dissemination procedures correlate with higher return rates.
- Further controlled studies are needed to establish best practices for diverse implementation contexts.
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