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Related Concept Videos

Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and reloaded.
Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their original...
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts01:20

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...
Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry01:21

Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry

When a structural member undergoes plastic deformation due to bending, it is crucial to understand the position of the neutral axis and the stress distribution. This member, characterized by a single plane of symmetry, exhibits a uniform stress distribution, with negative stress above the neutral axis and positive stress below. Notably, the neutral axis does not align with the centroid of the cross-section. This misalignment is typical in cases where the cross-section is not rectangular or...

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Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
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Characterizing plastic depinning dynamics with the fluctuation theorem.

J A Drocco1, C J Olson Reichhardt, C Reichhardt

  • 1Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

The European Physical Journal. E, Soft Matter
|October 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The fluctuation theorem characterizes plastic flow in particle systems with disorder. It holds even in chaotic regimes, revealing an effective temperature dependent on driving rate.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Nonlinear Dynamics

Background:

  • Plastic flow in driven disordered systems exhibits complex dynamics, including strong fluctuations and crackling noise.
  • Characterizing these dynamic phases, especially chaotic ones, is crucial for understanding system behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply the fluctuation theorem to characterize plastic flow phases in driven particle assemblies with quenched disorder.
  • To investigate the validity of the fluctuation theorem in strongly fluctuating and chaotic regimes.
  • To explore the concept of effective temperature in these systems.

Main Methods:

  • Measuring the frequency of entropy-destroying trajectories.
  • Calculating diffusivity near the motion threshold.
  • Analyzing systems with varying driving rates and disorder strengths.
  • Investigating the impact of pinning site size on fluctuation theorem validity.

Main Results:

  • The fluctuation theorem successfully characterizes different dynamic phases of plastic flow.
  • It holds true in strongly fluctuating, previously identified chaotic regimes.
  • An effective temperature was defined, decreasing with increased driving rate.
  • In large pinning site scenarios, the fluctuation theorem holds at long times due to specific particle motions.

Conclusions:

  • The fluctuation theorem is a powerful tool for analyzing plastic flow in driven disordered systems.
  • The study confirms its applicability in chaotic regimes and introduces an effective temperature concept.
  • Findings have implications for understanding phenomena in diverse systems like superconductors and earthquake models.