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Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains

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Dementia with Lewy bodies.

¹Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience

|October 29, 2011

Summary

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), a common neurodegenerative dementia, involves alpha-synuclein protein aggregation. Early diagnosis and treatment, like cholinesterase inhibitors, can significantly improve symptoms and patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Neuroscience
Geriatrics

Background:

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common cause of dementia in older adults, representing 10-15% of cases.
DLB is part of a spectrum including Parkinson's disease and primary autonomic failure, all characterized by alpha-synuclein aggregation.
Accurate DLB diagnosis is crucial due to distinct symptoms and functional impairments compared to Alzheimer's disease and vascular cognitive impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the importance of accurate DLB diagnosis.
To discuss the challenges in diagnosing atypical DLB presentations, often due to mixed pathologies.
To emphasize the therapeutic potential of cholinesterase inhibitors in managing DLB symptoms.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical diagnostic criteria for DLB.

Keywords:

Lewy body Parkinson's disease cholinesterase inhibitor dementia diagnosis treatment α-synuclein

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Validation of criteria against autopsy findings.

Analysis of patient responses to cholinesterase inhibitor treatment.

Main Results:

Existing DLB diagnostic criteria, while validated, miss some atypical cases.
DLB patients exhibit specific sensitivities, particularly to neuroleptic medications, increasing risks.
Cholinesterase inhibitor treatment is generally well-tolerated and effectively improves cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Conclusions:

DLB diagnosis requires careful consideration beyond standard criteria to account for mixed pathologies.
Managing neuroleptic sensitivity is critical for reducing morbidity and mortality in DLB patients.
DLB is emerging as a treatable neurodegenerative disorder with significant potential for symptomatic improvement through therapies like cholinesterase inhibitors.