Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and lactation.
Introduction to the Skeletal System01:20

Introduction to the Skeletal System

The skeletal system is the central framework of the body, consisting of different connective tissues: bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.
Components of the Skeletal System
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a hard connective tissue that forms an internal support structure for the human body. Bones shield vulnerable organs and soft tissue from external forces. For example, the vertebral bones protect and support the spinal cord.
Cartilage, a semi-rigid connective tissue found in regions such as...
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Intraspecific variation of long bone cross-sectional properties in Pan troglodytes troglodytes and Gorilla gorilla gorilla.

American journal of biological anthropology·2023
Same author

A Conceptual Approach for Examining Effects of the Adolescent Bone Marrow Milieu on MSC Phenotype.

JBMR plus·2023
Same author

The utility of dried blood spot measurement of bone turnover markers in biological anthropology.

American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council·2022
Same author

Tibial nerve stimulation increases vaginal blood perfusion and bone mineral density and yield load in ovariectomized rat menopause model.

International urogynecology journal·2022
Same author

Test-Retest Reliability and Correlates of Vertebral Bone Marrow Lipid Composition by Lipidomics Among Children With Varying Degrees of Bone Fragility.

JBMR plus·2020
Same author

Pattern of bone marrow lipid composition measures along the vertebral column: A descriptive study of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.

Bone·2020
Same journal

The Origins of Fashion.

Evolutionary anthropology·2026
Same journal

Silence as an Overlooked Catalyzer for Primate Vocal Evolution.

Evolutionary anthropology·2026
Same journal

Diversifying Methods in Evolutionary Anthropology: Autophotography as a Tool for Quasi-Naturalistic Observation of Human Behavior.

Evolutionary anthropology·2026
Same journal

Why Do Humans Exercise? A Neuro-Evolutionary Framework for Discretionary Physical Effort.

Evolutionary anthropology·2026
Same journal

Opaque Social Instruments: A Cultural Evolutionary Approach to Pleistocene Symbolic Artifacts.

Evolutionary anthropology·2026
Same journal

The Role and Consequences of Arranged Marriage in the Evolution of Human Mating.

Evolutionary anthropology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics
09:29

Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics

Published on: December 14, 2011

Estrogen, exercise, and the skeleton.

Maureen J Devlin1

  • 1Orthopedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA. mdevlin1@bidmc.harvard.edu.

Evolutionary Anthropology
|October 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Estrogen influences how exercise affects bone thickness. This hormone may alter bone

More Related Videos

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders
11:47

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

Published on: June 8, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics
09:29

Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics

Published on: December 14, 2011

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders
11:47

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

Published on: June 8, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Paleoanthropology
  • Human Biology
  • Skeletal Biology

Background:

  • Bone size and shape variations offer insights into hominin paleobiology, adaptation, and morphology.
  • Bone strength, including robusticity and cross-sectional properties, reflects mechanical loading and behavior.
  • Exercise-induced bone modeling suggests skeletal robusticity can indicate individual behavior and activity levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of estrogen in modulating exercise-induced changes in human bone thickness.
  • To explore how hormonal factors might influence individual skeletal responses to mechanical loading.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of skeletal robusticity patterns.
  • Examination of cross-sectional geometric properties of bone.
  • Focus on the hormone estrogen's effects on bone thickness in response to exercise.

Main Results:

  • Mechanical loading impacts the skeleton, but individual responses to exercise may vary.
  • Hormones, such as estrogen, could modulate the relationship between mechanical loads and bone thickness.
  • Estrogen's role in exercise-induced bone remodeling is a key area for further research.

Conclusions:

  • Skeletal robusticity is a valuable indicator of behavior and adaptation.
  • Individual differences in skeletal response to exercise may be influenced by hormonal factors.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the interplay of hormones, exercise, and bone morphology.