Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 28, 2026
Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
Published on: November 4, 2025
Serial head circumference and neurodevelopmental screening after surgical correction for single- and multiple-suture
Michael P Carlisle1, Sagar T Mehta, Kevin J Sykes
1University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.
Objective:
To evaluate serial head circumference (HC) measurements and neurodevelopmental (ND) screening before and after surgical revision for craniosynostosis.
Design:
Retrospective assessment.
Setting:
Tertiary institutional.
Patients, Participants:
All children treated with single-stage frontal-orbital advancement or total calvarial expansion for single-suture (SS) or multiple-suture (MS) craniosynostosis over a 7-year period.
Main Outcome Measures:
Changes in ND and HC were measured over postoperative visits after the primary surgery. More importantly, ND and HC changes were measured prerevision and postrevision.
Results:
Of 183 patients undergoing primary surgery, complete records and adequate follow-up were available for 112 patients. The overall revision rate was 21% (n = 23). Postrevision follow-up was adequate for 18 of the 23 revisions. After primary surgery, but prior to revision, children demonstrated a larger decline in HC (z-score, median = -1) along with higher ND findings (median = 2) from one postoperative visit to the next than those who did not go on revision (HC z-score median = 0, ND median = 0). After revision, patients demonstrated a significant improvement in ND screening findings (median ΔND findings = -2) compared with prerevision ND (p < .001). Head circumference also significantly increased by a z-score of +1 postrevision (p = .001).
Conclusions:
Patients chosen for revision surgery display not only a larger decline in HC but also more ND findings prior to revision. Furthermore, surgical revision has a significant association with both improved ND screening and HC.
