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Paratuberculosis control: a review with a focus on vaccination
1NEIKER-Tecnalia, Department of Animal Health, Berreaga 1, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain. rjuste@neiker.net.
Journal of Immune Based Therapies and Vaccines
|November 1, 2011
Summary
Vaccination against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) can reduce disease impacts in ruminants, but current vaccines are rudimentary. Further improvements in vaccine development are needed for better infection control.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary immunology
- Ruminant infectious diseases
- Food safety
Background:
- Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes chronic enteritis in ruminants, impacting animal health and the food industry.
- A potential link between MAP and human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) highlights its significance.
- Current control methods like hygiene and culling have limited success, necessitating vaccination strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and analyze vaccination studies on cattle, sheep, and goats against MAP infection.
- To assess the production, epidemiological, and pathogenetic effects of MAP vaccination.
- To identify areas for improvement in MAP vaccine development.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of vaccination studies published before January 2010.
- Inclusion of studies reporting production, epidemiological, or pathogenetic effects.
- Meta-analysis of data amenable to statistical analysis.
Main Results:
- Most reviewed studies indicate vaccination is valuable for reducing MAP microbial contamination.
- Vaccination can reduce or delay production losses and pathogenetic effects of MAP.
- However, vaccination did not fully prevent MAP infection in the analyzed studies.
Conclusions:
- MAP vaccination is a valuable tool for mitigating infection risks and impacts in ruminants.
- Existing MAP vaccines are basic, suggesting significant potential for improvement in types and formulations.
- Further research into advanced vaccine strategies is warranted for effective MAP control.
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