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In mechanical systems, bearings are crucial in facilitating relative motion between two components while minimizing friction and wear. They help distribute various loads (radial, axial or a combination of both loads) across machinery parts, ensuring smooth and efficient operation.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Clinical-oriented Three-dimensional Gait Analysis Method for Evaluating Gait Disorder

Clinical-oriented Three-dimensional Gait Analysis Method for Evaluating Gait Disorder

Published on: March 4, 2018

Figure-of-four pivot shift test--a technical note.

Nicola Maffulli¹, Filippo Spiezia, John B King

¹Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, 275 Bancroft Road, London, England. n.maffulli@qmul.ac.uk

Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases

|November 1, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel pivot shift test technique, inspired by judo, simplifies diagnosing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency, especially in challenging patients. This method also facilitates varus-valgus testing with minor adjustments.

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Clinical-oriented Three-dimensional Gait Analysis Method for Evaluating Gait Disorder

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Published on: March 4, 2018

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication

Published on: December 11, 2013

Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Sports Medicine
Biomechanics

Background:

The pivot shift test is crucial for diagnosing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency.
Performing the standard pivot shift test can be challenging in patients who are overweight or have large legs.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce an alternative, easier method for performing the pivot shift test.
To provide a technique that also facilitates varus-valgus testing.

Main Methods:

The modified technique utilizes a judo-inspired figure-of-four knee lock.
The surgeon uses their arms to stabilize the tibia and apply rotational and stress forces.
Minor hand position adjustments allow for varus-valgus stress application.

Main Results:

The described method simplifies the execution of the pivot shift test.
The technique is particularly beneficial for examining patients with challenging leg anatomy.
The maneuver allows for combined internal rotation, flexion, and valgus stress for the pivot shift test.

Conclusions:

This judo-inspired technique offers a practical alternative for the pivot shift test in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) assessment.
The method enhances examiner efficiency and patient comfort during orthopedic examination.