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Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Detection and Quantification of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in Human Plasma Using a Modified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
07:14

Detection and Quantification of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in Human Plasma Using a Modified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: June 16, 2023

[Calcitonin: indications and interpretation].

Michèle d'Herbomez1

  • 1Université de Lille-II, 59000 Lille, France. m-dherbomez@chru-lille.fr

Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|November 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Calcitonin is a key marker for diagnosing and monitoring medullary thyroid cancer. Understanding factors that elevate calcitonin levels, like sex and smoking, improves diagnostic accuracy.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare malignancy, accounting for 4% of thyroid cancers.
  • Calcitonin serves as a sensitive and specific biomarker for MTC diagnosis, prognosis, and follow-up.
  • Elevated calcitonin levels can occur in conditions other than MTC, necessitating careful interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of calcitonin in medullary thyroid cancer management.
  • To discuss factors influencing calcitonin levels and their diagnostic implications.
  • To evaluate the utility of calcitonin assays and associated tests.

Main Methods:

  • Review of calcitonin's diagnostic and prognostic value in medullary thyroid cancer.
  • Analysis of factors causing hypercalcitoninemia unrelated to MTC.

More Related Videos

Ex Vivo Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide from the Trigeminovascular System in Rodents
08:39

Ex Vivo Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide from the Trigeminovascular System in Rodents

Published on: May 16, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Detection and Quantification of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in Human Plasma Using a Modified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
07:14

Detection and Quantification of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in Human Plasma Using a Modified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: June 16, 2023

Ex Vivo Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide from the Trigeminovascular System in Rodents
08:39

Ex Vivo Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide from the Trigeminovascular System in Rodents

Published on: May 16, 2022

  • Discussion of complementary assays like carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and procalcitonin.
  • Consideration of calcitonin measurement in fine-needle aspiration washout fluid.
  • Evaluation of calcitonin stimulation tests.

    • Main Results:

    • Calcitonin is a highly specific marker for medullary thyroid cancer.
    • Sex-specific normal ranges improve interpretation of moderately elevated calcitonin.
    • Non-MTC causes of hypercalcitoninemia include male sex, smoking, obesity, and renal failure.
    • Calcitonin can be measured in fine-needle aspiration washout fluid.
    • Calcitonin stimulation tests offer limited diagnostic value and are being phased out.

    Conclusions:

    • Calcitonin is an essential biomarker for medullary thyroid cancer.
    • Accurate interpretation requires considering non-MTC related factors and using appropriate reference ranges.
    • Fine-needle aspiration washout fluid analysis and associated markers like CEA may aid diagnosis.
    • The clinical utility of calcitonin stimulation tests is diminishing.