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Related Concept Videos

Accuracy and Precision01:52

Accuracy and Precision

Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy of their results. Measurements are said to be precise if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner. A measurement is considered accurate if it yields a result that is very close to the true or the accepted value. Precise values agree with each other; accurate values agree with a true value.  Highly accurate measurements...
Accuracy and Precision01:52

Accuracy and Precision

Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy of their results. Measurements are said to be precise if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner. A measurement is considered accurate if it yields a result that is very close to the true or the accepted value. Precise values agree with each other; accurate values agree with a true value.  Highly accurate measurements...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Accuracy, limits, and approximation01:28

Accuracy, limits, and approximation

Accuracy, limits, and approximations are common in many fields, especially in engineering calculations. These concepts are imperative for ensuring that a given value is as close as possible to its true value.
Accuracy is defined as the closeness of the measured value to the true or actual value. In engineering mechanics, repeated measurements are taken during theoretical or experimental analyses to ensure that the result is precise and accurate.
The accuracy of any solution is based on the...
Uncertainty in Measurement: Accuracy and Precision03:37

Uncertainty in Measurement: Accuracy and Precision

Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy of their results. Measurements are said to be precise if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner. A measurement is considered accurate if it yields a result that is very close to the true or the accepted value. Precise values agree with each other; accurate values agree with a true value.

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Acquisition of a High-precision Skilled Forelimb Reaching Task in Rats
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Learning to be fast: gain accuracy with speed.

Anna Sterkin1, Oren Yehezkel, Uri Polat

  • 1Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Hashomer, Israel. anna.sterkin@gmail.com

Vision Research
|November 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Perceptual learning can overcome backward masking (BM) effects on visual processing. Training strengthens collinear facilitation, leading to faster reaction times and improved detection of low-contrast stimuli.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Collinear facilitation enhances detection of low-contrast stimuli.
  • Backward masking (BM) suppresses these facilitatory interactions.
  • Previous training on BM tasks improved processing speed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if training can overcome BM-induced suppression of collinear facilitation.
  • To examine the effects of training on behavioral and neurophysiological measures.
  • To determine if reinforced facilitatory interactions can counteract suppressive effects.

Main Methods:

  • Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) recorded before and after 10 training sessions.
  • Participants trained on detecting a low-contrast target Gabor patch (GP) flanked by collinear GPs, followed by BM.
  • Behavioral measurements (accuracy, sensitivity, reaction time) and ERPs (N1, P1, P4 peaks) analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Training significantly improved behavioral measures, including reaction time and accuracy.
  • BM-induced suppression of target detection at 50 ms inter-stimulus interval (ISI) was reduced post-training.
  • ERPs showed faster and stronger facilitatory lateral interactions (N1 peak changes), while sensory representation (P1 peak) remained unchanged.

Conclusions:

  • Perceptual learning can effectively overcome the suppressive effects of backward masking.
  • Strengthened collinear facilitation through training leads to enhanced visual processing speed.
  • Changes in N1 peak amplitude and latency reflect the development of faster, stronger lateral interactions.