Hemodynamic effects of adenosine agonists in the conscious spontaneously hypertensive rat

The present studies examined the underlying hemodynamic mechanisms contributing to the reduction in blood pressure observed in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats after systemic administration of adenosine agonists. The effects produced by i.v. and i.a. injections of 2-phenylaminoadenosine [CV-1808, adenosine (A2) selective agonist], 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (NECA, nonselective agonist), 2-chloroadenosine (2-CADO, A1 selective agonist) and cyclopentyladenosine (CPA, A1 selective agonist) were evaluated and compared to those of hydralazine. All agents produced hypotensive effects after bolus i.v. injection. Although CPA, NECA and 2-CADO elicited dose-dependent bradycardia, CV-1808 and hydralazine increased heart rate. These effects, with the exception of the hydralazine-evoked responses, were attenuated by prior treatment with 8-(p-sulfophenyl)theophylline (2 mg/kg/min), whereas both CV-1808 and hydralazine produced regional vasodilation, significant increases in blood flow occurred only after CV-1808 (3-30 micrograms/kg). The regional hemodynamic responses to NECA were more complex; low doses (0.1-1 microgram/kg) produced consistent reductions in regional vascular resistance, whereas at the highest dose renal vasoconstriction occurred. Although regional vasodilation occurred after 2-CADO, mesenteric vasoconstriction was observed subsequent to CPA administration. Whereas a significant increase in renin release was evident in animals treated with CV-1808 and hydralazine, no change occurred in response to the NECA-, 2-CADO- or CPA-induced hypotension. We conclude that the predominant hemodynamic response after selective activation of A2 receptors is one of regional vasodilation and hypotension leading to a reflex increase in heart rate and renin release.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)