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Updated: May 28, 2026

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas

Published on: January 26, 2024

Risk factors for pre-eclampsia: a study in Tehran, Iran.

Maryam Kashanian¹, Hamid Reza Baradaran, Shohreh Bahasadri

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akbarabadi Teaching Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. maryamkashanian@yahoo.com

Archives of Iranian Medicine

|November 2, 2011

Summary

Urinary tract infections and a history of pre-eclampsia are key risk factors for developing pre-eclampsia. However, higher parity and anemia appear protective against this pregnancy complication.

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas

Published on: January 26, 2024

Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Epidemiology

Background:

Pre-eclampsia is a significant complication of pregnancy with serious maternal and fetal outcomes.
Identifying risk factors is crucial for early detection and management.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate various maternal and pregnancy-related factors as potential risk factors for pre-eclampsia.
To identify protective factors against pre-eclampsia development.

Main Methods:

Retrospective case-control study involving 318 pre-eclamptic women and 318 normotensive controls.
Analysis of factors including maternal age, BMI, parity, medical history, infections, and delivery season.
Multiple logistic regression used to adjust for confounding variables.

Main Results:

Urinary tract infection, previous pre-eclampsia history, and winter delivery season were identified as risk factors.
Maternal age over 20, higher education, higher parity, and oral contraceptive use showed protective effects.
After adjustment, only pre-existing pre-eclampsia remained a risk factor, while high parity and anemia were protective.

Conclusions:

Awareness of identified risk factors aids in patient monitoring and earlier diagnosis of pre-eclampsia.
Specific factors like urinary tract infections and prior pre-eclampsia necessitate closer surveillance.
Understanding protective factors may inform preventative strategies in pregnancy.