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Impurity profiling to match a nerve agent to its precursor source for chemical forensics applications.

Carlos G Fraga1, Gabriel A Pérez Acosta, Michael D Crenshaw

  • 1Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States. carlos.fraga@pnnl.gov

Analytical Chemistry
|November 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

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Chemical forensics.

Talanta·2018

Chemical forensics can now trace nerve agents like sarin (GB) to their specific precursors using unique impurity profiles. This method aids in identifying sources and prosecuting perpetrators of chemical attacks.

Area of Science:

  • Chemical Forensics
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Trace Analysis

Background:

  • Chemical forensics aims to link chemicals to their origins.
  • Trace impurities are crucial for source attribution.
  • Previous methods lacked robust precursor-product linkage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a novel method for matching synthesized nerve agents to their precursor sources.
  • To demonstrate the utility of impurity profiling in chemical forensics.
  • To provide a basis for prosecuting perpetrators of chemical attacks.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of sarin (GB) and methylphosphonic difluoride (DF) from methylphosphonic dichloride (DC).
  • Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for impurity detection.

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  • Hierarchical cluster analysis for objective source matching based on persistent impurities.

    • Main Results:

    • Unique impurity profiles were identified in five distinct methylphosphonic dichloride (DC) stocks.
    • 57% to 88% of impurities persisted through synthesis, decontamination, and sample preparation.
    • Synthesized GB and DF batches were successfully matched to their specific DC precursor stocks.

    Conclusions:

    • Impurity profiling of chemical precursors provides a reliable method for source attribution of synthesized nerve agents.
    • This technique offers a powerful tool for chemical forensics investigations.
    • The findings support the use of impurity profiling in identifying and prosecuting individuals involved in chemical attacks.