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Smallpox is a severe contagious disease caused by the Variola major virus, a double-stranded DNA member of the Poxviridae family.Variola major transmission occurs primarily via inhalation of virus-laden droplets or direct contact with infectious scabs. The incubation period averages approximately seven days, although it may range from 7 to 17 days depending on the inoculum and host factors.Clinically, the prodromal phase is marked by an abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, headache, and myalgia.
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Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis
06:23

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis

Published on: May 23, 2021

Canine brucellosis management.

Chelsea L Makloski1

  • 1JEH Equine Reproduction Specialists, 1030 Roland Road, PO Box 650, Whitesboro, TX 76273, USA. cmakloski.jehers@yahoo.com

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice
|November 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Canine infertility is a major concern for dog breeders. Brucellosis should be a primary consideration for diagnosing issues like small litters, abortions, and pregnancy failure.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Reproduction
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Canine infertility presents a significant challenge in breeding kennels, impacting litter size and puppy viability.
  • Various etiological agents, including bacteria, viruses, and environmental factors, contribute to reproductive failures in dogs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of considering brucellosis in the differential diagnosis of canine infertility.
  • To emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to identify causes of reproductive issues in breeding dogs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common causes of infertility in dogs.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic considerations for reproductive failure.

Main Results:

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  • Brucellosis is identified as a critical pathogen to consider in cases of canine infertility.
  • Other factors like bacterial and viral infections, alongside husbandry practices, are also relevant.

Conclusions:

  • Brucellosis should be prioritized in the diagnostic workup for infertile dogs.
  • Effective management of canine infertility requires addressing infectious agents and husbandry.