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Swallowing disorders after ischemic stroke

Gabriela Camargo Remesso1, Márcia Maiumi Fukujima, Ana Lúcia de Magalhães Leal Chiappetta

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine and Evidence-Based Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo SP, Brazil. gabrielaremesso@uol.com.br

Arquivos De Neuro-Psiquiatria
|November 2, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Swallowing disorders affect nearly 20% of ischemic stroke patients, with most cases being mild. Older age, diabetes, and brainstem lesions predict these swallowing difficulties.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability.
  • Dysphagia (swallowing disorders) is a common complication following stroke.
  • Understanding the incidence and predictors of post-stroke dysphagia is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the occurrence of swallowing disorders in patients after ischemic stroke.
  • To identify risk factors associated with the development of dysphagia post-stroke.
  • To characterize the severity and recovery patterns of swallowing disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 596 patient medical files diagnosed with ischemic stroke.
  • Exclusion criteria included cardiac issues and hospital stays exceeding 14 days.
  • Data collected on demographics, risk factors, dysphagia incidence, severity, recovery, and lesion location.

Main Results:

  • Nearly 20% of patients (19.6%) experienced swallowing disorders, predominantly mild (91.5%).
  • Common risk factors included hypertension (79.4%), diabetes (36.7%), and smoking (42.7%).
  • Brainstem lesions were present in 6.8% of patients, and 13.3% of patients died.

Conclusions:

  • Swallowing disorders are a significant concern post-ischemic stroke, affecting approximately one-fifth of patients.
  • Mild dysphagia is most common, with a high rate of spontaneous recovery (87.1%) within a few months.
  • Older age, diabetes mellitus, and brainstem lesions are identified as key predictors for developing swallowing disorders after ischemic stroke.
Abstract

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