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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
Epistaxis01:30

Epistaxis

Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, occurs when small, swollen blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane rupture. Typically, the anterior septum is the primary site of occurrence.
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

The Flexible Rhino-Laryngoscope for Awake Nasotracheal Intubation
03:58

The Flexible Rhino-Laryngoscope for Awake Nasotracheal Intubation

Published on: August 2, 2024

A case presentation of a large rhinolith.

Fahim Ahmed Shah1, Sunil George, Nair Reghunanden

  • 1Department of ENT, Sur Hospital, South Sharqiya, Sur, Sultanate of Oman.

Oman Medical Journal
|November 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Rhinoliths are rare nasal cavity stones that can cause foul odors and social distress. Early detection requires a high index of suspicion from clinicians.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Nasal stones, or rhinoliths, are infrequent calcified formations within the nasal cavity.
  • The formation of calcified objects within the body is a topic of long-standing scientific interest.

Observation:

  • Nasal concretions, though rare, can lead to significant patient distress, primarily due to malodor (bad smell from the nose).
  • This article discusses the characteristics of rhinoliths and their clinical significance.

Findings:

  • A case presentation of a large rhinolith is included.
  • The study highlights the importance of recognizing rhinoliths as a potential cause of nasal symptoms.

Implications:

  • Increased awareness among clinicians of this uncommon condition is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

The Flexible Rhino-Laryngoscope for Awake Nasotracheal Intubation
03:58

The Flexible Rhino-Laryngoscope for Awake Nasotracheal Intubation

Published on: August 2, 2024

  • A high index of suspicion is necessary for identifying rhinoliths, which can otherwise be overlooked.