Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Vestibular System01:29

The Vestibular System

The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes01:25

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes

Consider a component AB undergoing a linear motion. Along with a linear motion, point B also rotates around point A. To comprehend this complex movement, position vectors for both points A and B are established using a stationary reference frame.
However, to express the relative position of point B relative to point A, an additional frame of reference, denoted as x'y', is necessary. This additional frame not only translates but also rotates relative to the fixed frame, making it instrumental in...
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving01:29

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving

Consider a crane whose telescopic boom rotates with an angular velocity of 0.04 rad/s and angular acceleration of 0.02 rad/s2. Along with the rotation, the boom also extends linearly with a uniform speed of 5 m/s. The extension of the boom is measured at point D, which is measured with respect to the fixed point C on the other end of the boom. For the given instant, the distance between points C and D is 60 meters.
Here, in order to determine the magnitude of velocity and acceleration for point...
Relative Motion Analysis - Velocity01:24

Relative Motion Analysis - Velocity

A stroke engine has a slider-crank mechanism that converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider.
When an external force is exerted, it sets the crank into a rotational movement. This, in turn, instigates the motion of the connecting rod, leading to what is referred to as a general plane motion. This process involves two key points - point A on the connecting rod...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neural and computational correlates of strategic aborting and long-run policy optimization in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Reassessing Choice Probability: What 59 Macaque Studies Tell Us About Decision-Related Activity in Visual Cortex.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Flexible Perception of Tactile Cues in Multiple Reference Frames.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

The Simons Collaboration on Ecological Neuroscience: Studying how the brain interacts with the world.

Neuron·2026
Same author

Temporal Structure of Reward Availability and Sensory Uncertainty Modulate Allocation Dynamics in Naturalistic Foraging.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Flexible computation of object motion and depth based on viewing geometry inferred from optic flow.

Nature communications·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane
07:24

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane

Published on: August 22, 2025

Estimating distance during self-motion: a role for visual-vestibular interactions.

Kalpana Dokka1, Paul R MacNeilage, Gregory C DeAngelis

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University in St. Louis, USA.

Journal of Vision
|November 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The brain uses visual motion cues and vestibular signals to estimate environmental distances. While these cues offer a basic ability for distance perception, the estimates are less precise than those from binocular disparity.

More Related Videos

Controlled Rotation of Human Observers in a Virtual Reality Environment
09:11

Controlled Rotation of Human Observers in a Virtual Reality Environment

Published on: April 21, 2022

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions
09:46

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions

Published on: May 10, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane
07:24

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane

Published on: August 22, 2025

Controlled Rotation of Human Observers in a Virtual Reality Environment
09:11

Controlled Rotation of Human Observers in a Virtual Reality Environment

Published on: April 21, 2022

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions
09:46

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions

Published on: May 10, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Visual neuroscience
  • Perception psychology
  • Computational neuroscience

Background:

  • Extracting 3D spatial structure is crucial for the visual system.
  • Observer self-motion influences retinal object speed, which relates to distance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the brain uses vestibular self-motion cues to estimate distances to surfaces.
  • To compare distance perception from monocular image motion with that from binocular disparity.

Main Methods:

  • A two-alternative forced-choice task was employed.
  • Perceived distance from monocular image motion during passive body translation was assessed.
  • This was compared to perceived distance from binocular disparity in stationary subjects.

Main Results:

  • Perceived distance from motion was influenced by both observer velocity and retinal speed.
  • Slower retinal speeds suggested farther distances for a given head speed.
  • Slower head speeds suggested nearer distances for a given retinal speed.
  • Distance estimates from self-motion were compressed compared to binocular disparity estimates.

Conclusions:

  • Retinal image motion combined with vestibular head velocity signals offers a rudimentary capacity for distance estimation.
  • Individual differences in the strength of these perceptual relationships were observed.