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Related Concept Videos

Microbial Nutrition01:28

Microbial Nutrition

Organisms exhibit remarkable metabolic diversity, categorized based on how they acquire energy and carbon. These strategies enable survival in various ecological niches and are essential for maintaining energy flow and nutrient cycling within ecosystems.Energy and Carbon SourcesOrganisms are classified as phototrophs or chemotrophs based on energy acquisition. Phototrophs use light as their energy source, while chemotrophs rely on oxidizing chemical compounds. Further differentiation arises...
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Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs

Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation. However, because inorganic electron donors...
Redox Reactions01:27

Redox Reactions

Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
Redox Reactions01:24

Redox Reactions

Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
Microbes and Other Elemental Cycles01:24

Microbes and Other Elemental Cycles

Microbial activity plays a pivotal role in the biogeochemical cycling of iron and manganese, especially at the redox gradients characteristic of stratified aquatic environments. These cycles are driven by microbial transformations between oxidized and reduced forms of the metals, allowing organisms to exploit them for metabolic energy and structural purposes.Iron Cycling Across Redox GradientsIn neutral, oxygen-rich surface waters, iron is predominantly found in its oxidized, insoluble ferric...
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Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules

Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
The removal of an electron from a molecule, results in a...

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Electrochemical Detection of Deuterium Kinetic Isotope Effect on Extracellular Electron Transport in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
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Electron donor availability for microbial reductive processes following thermal treatment.

Kelly E Fletcher1, Jed Costanza, Kurt D Pennell

  • 1School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512, USA.

Water Research
|November 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary

High temperatures inhibit reductive dechlorination, a key bioremediation process for chlorinated solvents like tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE). Bioaugmentation with non-methanogenic cultures may enhance dechlorination during thermal treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Environmental Engineering

Background:

  • Thermal treatment can remove chlorinated solvents and potentially enhance bioremediation.
  • Understanding temperature effects on microbial activity is crucial for optimizing remediation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess enhanced reductive dechlorination at intermediate temperatures near heated zones.
  • To investigate electron donor competition's impact on microbial reductive dechlorination.

Main Methods:

  • Microcosms with PCE- and TCE-impacted soils were incubated at various temperatures (24-95 °C).
  • Reductive dechlorination activity was monitored.
  • Bioaugmentation and biostimulation with hydrogen gas were employed.

Main Results:

  • Reductive dechlorination was inhibited at temperatures above 24 °C.
  • Electron donor limitations were observed.
  • Methanogenesis consumed reducing equivalents more than reductive dechlorination at higher temperatures.
  • Bioaugmentation and hydrogen addition eventually resumed dechlorination.

Conclusions:

  • Temperatures exceeding 35 °C inhibit reductive dechlorination of PCE and TCE.
  • Coupling thermal treatment with bioremediation requires careful consideration of microbial activity and electron donor availability.
  • Bioaugmentation with non-methanogenic cultures may improve reductive dechlorination outcomes.