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Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry

Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry

A planar symmetry of charge density is obtained when charges are uniformly spread over a large flat surface. In planar symmetry, all points in a plane parallel to the plane of charge are identical with respect to the charges. Suppose the plane of the charge distribution is the xy-plane, and the electric field at a space point P with coordinates (x, y, z) is to be determined. Since the charge density is the same at all (x, y) - coordinates in the z = 0 plane, by symmetry, the electric field at P...

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...

Electric Field of Parallel Conducting Plates

Electric Field of Parallel Conducting Plates

Gauss' law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the net charge enclosed by that surface. Gauss's law can be applied to find the electric field and the charge enclosed in a region depending on its charge distribution.
Consider a cross-section of a thin, infinite conducting plate having a positive charge. For such a large thin plate, as the thickness of the plate tends to zero, the positive charges lie on the plate's two large faces. Without an external electric field, the...

Poisson's And Laplace's Equation

Poisson's And Laplace's Equation

The electric potential of the system can be calculated by relating it to the electric charge densities that give rise to the electric potential. The differential form of Gauss's law expresses the electric field's divergence in terms of the electric charge density.

Standing Waves in a Cavity

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:

The Electrical Double Layer

The Electrical Double Layer

In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Published on: July 21, 2018

Understanding fractional-order surface plasmons.

Yuping Yang¹, Daniel Grischkowsky

¹School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA.

|November 4, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Diffraction excites surface plasmons, mimicking enhanced transmission in terahertz spectra. This phenomenon, driven by interference, reveals mechanisms behind fractional-order resonances in metallic gratings.

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Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

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Published on: July 21, 2018

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Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Condensed Matter Physics
Terahertz Spectroscopy

Background:

Surface plasmon excitation is crucial for manipulating light-matter interactions.
Enhanced transmission through metallic nanostructures is a key phenomenon in plasmonics.
Understanding diffraction effects is vital for designing optical devices.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally demonstrate diffraction-induced surface plasmon excitation.
To elucidate the physical mechanisms behind fractional-order surface plasmon resonances.
To investigate the role of coherent interference in terahertz spectrum modulation.

Main Methods:

Experimental study of a one-dimensional metallic grating.
Analysis of terahertz spectrum modulation.
Investigation of coherent interference between diffraction orders.

Main Results:

Diffraction-induced surface plasmon excitation was experimentally confirmed.
Enhanced transmission was mimicked through this excitation.
A highly sensitive modulation in the terahertz spectrum was observed.
Physical mechanisms of fractional-order surface plasmon resonances were elucidated.

Conclusions:

Diffraction-induced surface plasmon excitation offers a novel pathway for enhanced transmission.
Coherent interference plays a critical role in terahertz spectrum modulation.
The findings provide insights into the behavior of surface plasmons in metallic nanostructures.