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Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Realistic analytical phantoms for parallel magnetic resonance imaging.

M Guerquin-Kern¹, L Lejeune, K P Pruessmann

¹École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. matthieu.guerquin-kern@epfl.ch

IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging

|November 4, 2011

Summary

New analytical simulation tools offer reliable data for validating parallel magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI) reconstruction algorithms. These tools overcome aliasing issues present in rasterized simulations, ensuring accurate performance assessment.

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Computational Science

Background:

Quantitative validation of MRI reconstruction algorithms relies on accurate data.
Rasterized simulations introduce aliasing, compromising reconstruction performance assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

Introduce analytical simulation tools for parallel magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI).
Enable the creation of realistic phantoms for algorithm validation.
Address limitations of existing rasterized simulation methods.

Main Methods:

Develop analytical simulation tools for pMRI.
Create phantoms with diverse geometric boundaries (ellipses, splines, Bézier curves, polygons).
Incorporate channel sensitivity models into simulations.
Derive closed-form solutions for involved Fourier transforms.

Main Results:

Analytical formulations provide well-defined spatial and k-space data.
Demonstrated bias in rasterized simulations (inverse-crime) compared to analytical methods.
Validated the proposed simulation implementation through experiments.

Conclusions:

Analytical simulations offer a reliable alternative to rasterized methods for pMRI validation.
The developed tools and phantom designs improve the accuracy of reconstruction algorithm assessment.
A software package is provided to facilitate realistic phantom design and simulations.