Use of metaphors in motivational interviewing sessions in the probation service

This paper examines the use of metaphors in client-counsellor interaction in motivational interviewing counselling sessions in the context of probation service. Clients who participated in these counselling sessions and in this study had either an alcohol or drug abuse problem. My aim is to show how the interaction between the client and counsellor is shaped by reciprocal use of metaphors, and how the client's change-talk finds expression in metaphorical utterances. In these counselling sessions, the use of metaphors occurred in five interactional configurations: 1. participants work with and develop together shared metaphors; 2. the client accepts the counsellor's metaphorical description but does not use it himself/ herself; 3. either the client or the counsellor suggests an alternative metaphor; 4. the counsellor systematically ignores the client's metaphor; and 5. the counsellor does not understand the meaning of the client's metaphor. The analysis suggests that metaphorical utterances play a major part in the interaction between the client and the counsellor and in the client's change-talk. These findings support the notion that metaphor and change are closely linked, and a metaphor may act as a vehicle of change.