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Related Experiment Videos

Nutritional risk screening in surgery: valid, feasible, easy!

Ana Isabel Almeida1, Marta Correia, Maria Camilo

  • 1Unidade de Nutrição e Metabolismo, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Avenida Prof Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.

Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|November 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) are effective for identifying nutritional risk in surgical patients. Recent weight loss (≥ 5%) also proved highly efficient and easy to implement in clinical practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Surgical Patient Care
  • Nutritional Assessment

Background:

  • Identifying patients at nutritional risk is crucial for effective clinical management.
  • Standard methods for nutritional assessment in surgical wards require validation for consistency and ease of use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of Body Mass Index (BMI), recent weight loss, Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), and Nutritional Risk Index (NRI) against Subjective Global Assessment (SGA).
  • To determine the most consistent and practical screening method for integration into daily surgical ward practices.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 300 surgical patients assessed upon admission.
  • Evaluation of BMI, weight loss (≥ 5% in 6 months), NRS-2002, MUST, NRI, and SGA.
  • Statistical analysis including concordance (kappa statistic), correlation, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).

Main Results:

  • Nutritional risk prevalence varied: 66% by NRS-2002 + MUST, 87% by NRI, and 64% by SGA.
  • NRS-2002, MUST, and % weight loss demonstrated high performance (sensitivity 0.79-0.89, specificity 0.85-0.93, PPV 81-89%, NPV 87-100%) in identifying patients at risk.
  • BMI and NRI showed poor performance (sensitivity 0.29-0.43, specificity 0.27-0.39, PPV 24-35%, NPV 27-31%) compared to SGA.

Conclusions:

  • Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) and Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) are validated tools for nutritional screening in surgical patients.
  • Recent weight loss (≥ 5%) is an efficient and easily calculable method, recommended for integration into clinical practice.
  • The study highlights the need for consistent and practical nutritional screening tools in surgical settings.