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Related Concept Videos

Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous capillaries...
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
Introduction to Urinary System01:13

Introduction to Urinary System

The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located in the retroperitoneal space, on either side of the vertebral column, between the T12 and L3 vertebrae. They are partially protected by the rib cage and surrounded by perirenal fat, which provides cushioning. They are responsible for urine formation and play critical roles in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and hormone production. The ureters...
Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma happens...
Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct01:24

Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct

The renal tubule is divided into three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the Loop of Henle (LOH), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Kidney01:18

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Kidney

The kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering and cleaning blood, removing waste products, and regulating electrolyte levels. To perform these essential functions, they require a constant and robust blood supply.
Bloody Supply to the Kidneys:
The kidneys receive their blood supply from the renal arteries, which branch off from the abdominal aorta—the main artery supplying the abdomen and lower body. The renal arteries enter the kidneys at the hilum, a notch on the medial side of each...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Single-channel Analysis and Calcium Imaging in the Podocytes of the Freshly Isolated Glomeruli
12:19

Single-channel Analysis and Calcium Imaging in the Podocytes of the Freshly Isolated Glomeruli

Published on: June 27, 2015

Prorenin receptor is essential for normal podocyte structure and function.

Yoichi Oshima1, Kenichiro Kinouchi, Atsuhiro Ichihara

  • 1Department of Endocrinology & Anti-Aging Medicine and Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN
|November 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The prorenin receptor is crucial for podocyte health, maintaining kidney function. Its absence causes severe kidney failure and proteinuria in mice due to podocyte damage.

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Implementing Patch Clamp and Live Fluorescence Microscopy to Monitor Functional Properties of Freshly Isolated PKD Epithelium

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Single-channel Analysis and Calcium Imaging in the Podocytes of the Freshly Isolated Glomeruli
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Single-channel Analysis and Calcium Imaging in the Podocytes of the Freshly Isolated Glomeruli

Published on: June 27, 2015

Generation of Patient-Derived Podocytes from Skin Biopsies
08:52

Generation of Patient-Derived Podocytes from Skin Biopsies

Published on: May 26, 2023

Implementing Patch Clamp and Live Fluorescence Microscopy to Monitor Functional Properties of Freshly Isolated PKD Epithelium
08:46

Implementing Patch Clamp and Live Fluorescence Microscopy to Monitor Functional Properties of Freshly Isolated PKD Epithelium

Published on: September 1, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The prorenin receptor (PRR) is an accessory subunit of vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase).
  • PRR's role in podocytes, crucial kidney filtration cells, remains unclear.
  • Podocytes are vital for preventing proteinuria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of the prorenin receptor in podocytes.
  • To determine the consequences of PRR ablation in podocyte structure and function.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of podocyte-specific, conditional prorenin receptor-knockout mice.
  • Histological analysis of kidney tissue, including foot process morphology.
  • Immunofluorescence staining for slit-diaphragm proteins (nephrin, podocin) and autophagosomes (LC3).
  • Analysis of V-ATPase subunit expression and intracellular vesicle acidity.

Main Results:

  • Podocyte-specific PRR knockout mice exhibited rapid kidney failure and severe proteinuria.
  • Observed foot process effacement and altered nephrin/podocin localization in podocytes.
  • Significant accumulation of autophagic vacuoles and suppressed V(0) c-subunit of V-ATPase expression in podocytes.
  • PRR ablation led to deacidification of intracellular vesicles.

Conclusions:

  • The prorenin receptor is essential for maintaining normal podocyte structure and function.
  • PRR plays a critical role in podocyte homeostasis, independent of its known role in the renin-angiotensin system.
  • Dysfunction of PRR in podocytes leads to autophagosome accumulation and V-ATPase impairment, contributing to kidney disease.