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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:17

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:

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Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections
16:56

Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections

Published on: August 30, 2014

Sublingual immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis.

Doo Hee Han1, Chae-Seo Rhee

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea.

Asia Pacific Allergy
|November 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) offers an effective and safer alternative to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) for allergic rhinitis (AR). This review details SLIT

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Allergology

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis (AR) is commonly treated with allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy, surgery, and immunotherapy.
  • Specific allergen immunotherapy, used since 1911, includes subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT).
  • SCIT, while effective for asthma and AR, presents disadvantages like inconvenience, invasiveness, and risk of systemic reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive understanding of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for allergic rhinitis (AR).
  • To review proposed mechanisms, indications, efficacy, safety, adverse events, and compliance associated with SLIT.
  • To summarize existing literature and the authors' previous research on SLIT for AR.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published articles on SLIT for AR.
Keywords:
ImmunotherapyRhinitisSublingual administration

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  • Inclusion of the authors' prior research findings.
  • Synthesis of information regarding mechanisms, efficacy, safety, and compliance.

    • Main Results:

    • SLIT is gaining global attention as a preferred alternative to SCIT for AR treatment.
    • SLIT has been introduced in Korea and is available in the Asia-Pacific region.
    • The review covers proposed mechanisms, indications, efficacy, safety, adverse events, and compliance of SLIT.

    Conclusions:

    • SLIT is emerging as a significant treatment modality for allergic rhinitis, offering advantages over traditional SCIT.
    • Further understanding of SLIT's mechanisms, efficacy, and safety profile is crucial for its widespread adoption.
    • This review consolidates key aspects of SLIT, aiding clinicians and researchers in its application for AR management.