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Similarities and differences between pathological gambling and substance use disorders: a focus on impulsivity and
Robert F Leeman1, Marc N Potenza
1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, CMHC, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06405, USA. robert.leeman@yale.edu
Psychopharmacology
|November 8, 2011
Summary
Pathological gambling and substance use disorders share neurocognitive, brain function, and neurochemistry similarities, particularly in impulsivity and compulsivity. Understanding these shared traits aids addiction treatment development.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Addiction Research
Background:
- Pathological gambling (PG) is increasingly recognized as a behavioral addiction.
- Comparing PG with substance use disorders (SUDs) offers clinical insights and research directions.
- Impulsivity and compulsivity are key factors in understanding both PG and SUDs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare and contrast research on PG and SUDs.
- Focus on neurocognitive tasks, brain function, and neurochemistry.
- Examine the roles of impulsivity and compulsivity in both conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review comparing studies on PG and SUDs.
- Analysis of neurocognitive task performance.
- Examination of neuroimaging and neurochemical findings.
Main Results:
- Similarities found in neurocognitive deficits, impulsive choice, and compulsive behaviors.
- Dysfunction observed in shared brain regions (ventromedial prefrontal cortex, striatum).
- Similar neurotransmitter systems implicated (dopaminergic, serotonergic), with unique substance-specific influences.
Conclusions:
- PG and SUDs exhibit both shared and distinct characteristics.
- Understanding similarities can advance cross-addiction treatment strategies.
- Investigating individual differences in impulsivity and compulsivity may guide targeted prevention and treatment.
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