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Related Experiment Videos

Muscle strain injuries: clinical and basic aspects.

W E Garrett1

  • 1Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|August 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Muscle strain injuries, common in athletes, often happen during eccentric contractions. Understanding muscle

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics
  • Muscle Physiology

Background:

  • Muscle strain injuries are a frequent cause of athletic disability, often resulting from powerful eccentric muscle contractions.
  • Clinical and imaging studies reveal that these injuries typically involve partial disruption of muscle fibers, particularly near the muscle-tendon junction.
  • The healing process for partial muscle injuries involves an inflammatory response followed by fibrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biomechanical factors contributing to muscle strain injuries.
  • To understand the role of muscle activation and stretching in injury mechanisms.
  • To explore the influence of muscle viscoelastic properties on injury prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and diagnostic imaging studies on muscle injuries.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Laboratory investigations into muscle fiber disruption and healing processes.
  • Biomechanical analysis of muscle failure under various stretching and contraction conditions.
  • Experimental protocols examining the effects of stretching on muscle stress relaxation and stiffness.

    • Main Results:

    • Muscle failure occurs at forces significantly exceeding maximal isometric force, with stretch being a critical factor in injury.
    • Activated muscles, when stretched to failure, absorb more energy compared to passively stretched muscles.
    • Experimental stretching demonstrates that muscle viscoelastic properties, not reflex effects, reduce stiffness and cause stress relaxation.
    • These properties are crucial for muscle's role as an energy absorber, potentially preventing bone and joint injuries.

    Conclusions:

    • Muscle's ability to absorb energy is vital for preventing self-injury and protecting skeletal structures.
    • The viscoelastic properties of muscle play a significant role in modulating stress and stiffness, offering insights into injury prevention strategies.
    • Understanding these biomechanical and viscoelastic characteristics is key to developing effective methods for preventing muscle strain injuries in athletes.