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Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain. Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to form...

Conservation of Protein Domains

Conservation of Protein Domains

Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain. Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to form...

Conjugated Proteins

Conjugated Proteins

Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...

Conjugated Proteins

Conjugated Proteins

Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
This technique helps gather information regarding the protein from which the peptide was obtained and to study the peptides’ amino acid sequence. Identifying peptides from a complex mixture is an important component of the growing field of...

Conserved Binding Sites

Conserved Binding Sites

Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally analyses the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Bioinformatics Resources for the Study of Glycan-Mediated Protein Interactions

Bioinformatics Resources for the Study of Glycan-Mediated Protein Interactions

Published on: January 20, 2022

ConoServer: updated content, knowledge, and discovery tools in the conopeptide database.

Quentin Kaas¹, Rilei Yu, Ai-Hua Jin

¹Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.

Nucleic Acids Research

|November 8, 2011

Summary

ConoServer is a database for conopeptides, toxins from cone snails used in research and drug discovery. It has been updated with new data, features, and tools for analyzing these potent neurotoxins.

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Bioinformatics Resources for the Study of Glycan-Mediated Protein Interactions

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Published on: January 20, 2022

Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation

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Published on: February 10, 2023

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

Published on: July 12, 2022

Area of Science:

Marine Biology
Neuroscience
Biochemistry

Background:

Cone snails utilize conopeptides, potent neurotoxins, for predation.
These toxins target nervous system components, making them valuable for research and drug development.
ConoServer is a specialized database for conopeptide sequences and structures.

Purpose of the Study:

To update and enhance the ConoServer database with recent conopeptide data and functionalities.
To provide researchers with improved tools for analyzing conopeptide sequences and structures.
To offer an updated overview of conopeptide knowledge through automated statistics.

Main Methods:

Database expansion with new conopeptide entries, nearly doubling the content since 2008.
Redesign of the user interface and addition of detailed annotations (species, activity, identification).
Implementation of new tools for standardizing precursor sequence analysis and mass spectrometry identification.

Main Results:

ConoServer now contains significantly more conopeptide data and improved annotations.
Automated statistics offer insights into classification, structures, species distribution, and signal sequence conservation.
New tools facilitate the analysis of rapidly growing sequence data from transcriptomics and proteomics.

Conclusions:

ConoServer serves as a vital, continuously updated resource for conopeptide research.
The database enhancements and new tools support the ongoing discovery and characterization of conotoxins.
ConoServer facilitates the exploration of conopeptides for physiological research and therapeutic applications.