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A Multiple Integrated Social Stress Model for Psychiatric Disorders in Female C57BL/6J Mice

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Psychiatric morbidity and the menopause.

I J Prakash¹, V N Murthy

¹Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Bangalore University, Bangaore-560 056.

Indian Journal of Psychiatry

|November 8, 2011

Summary

Menopausal women show higher rates of psychiatric illness, particularly depression. Surgical menopause also correlates with increased psychiatric morbidity in women aged 36-50.

Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Women's Health
Menopause Studies

Background:

Psychiatric morbidity is a significant concern in women's health.
Menopause is a critical life stage associated with various physical and psychological changes.
Understanding the mental health impact of menopause is crucial for effective healthcare.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess psychiatric morbidity in pre-menopausal, menopausal, and post-menopausal women.
To identify the prevalence and types of psychiatric conditions in these groups.
To investigate the relationship between natural and surgical menopause and mental health outcomes.

Main Methods:

A two-stage screening procedure was employed.
The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was used for initial screening.

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Standard Psychiatric Interview (SPI) was used for further assessment of "possible cases" identified by GHQ.

Main Results:

The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) identified 21 out of 105 women as "possible cases".
A higher proportion of menopausal women were found to have psychiatric illnesses compared to pre- and post-menopausal women.
Depression was the predominant symptom observed in the menopausal group.
Women experiencing natural menopause and those who underwent hysterectomy (surgical menopause) reported higher mean psychiatric symptom ratings on the SPI.
The Standard Psychiatric Interview (SPI) demonstrated high inter-rater reliability.

Conclusions:

Menopausal status is associated with increased psychiatric morbidity, with depression being a key symptom.
Surgical menopause (hysterectomy) also appears to contribute to higher psychiatric symptom burden.
The findings underscore the importance of mental health screening and support for women during the menopausal transition.