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Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of X2 to 1,3-Butadiene01:14

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NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives01:37

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Simple unsubstituted benzene has six aromatic protons, all chemically equivalent. Therefore, benzene exhibits only a singlet peak at δ 7.3 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum. The observed shift is far downfield because the aromatic ring current strongly deshields the protons. Any substitution on the benzene ring makes the aromatic protons nonequivalent, and the protons split each other. The peak is, therefore, no longer a singlet and the splitting pattern and their associated coupling constants depend...
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Birch reduction uses solvated electrons as reducing agents. The reaction converts benzene to 1,4-cyclohexadiene. The reaction proceeds by the transfer of a single electron to the ring to form a benzene radical anion. This anion is highly basic—it abstracts a proton from the alcohol to form a cyclohexadienyl radical. Another single electron transfer gives the cyclohexadienyl anion. A proton transfer from the alcohol forms 1,4-cyclohexadiene. Since this reduction occurs via radical anion...
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Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon or arene. The IUPAC names for simple monosubstituted benzene derivatives are derived by adding the substituent's name as a prefix to the parent benzene. For example, halobenzene, where the halogen could be fluoro (F), chloro (Cl), bromo (Br), and iodo (I).

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Synthesis of Indoxyl-glycosides for Detection of Glycosidase Activities
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(E)-2-(4-Bromo-benzyl-idene)indan-1-one.

Mohamed Ashraf Ali, Rusli Ismail, Tan Soo Choon

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |November 8, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details the crystal structure of a bromo-substituted organic compound. Molecular analysis reveals planar ring systems and weak intermolecular interactions stabilizing the crystal lattice.

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Supramolecular Chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in organic molecules is crucial for predicting their properties and reactivity.
    • Intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonds and pi-pi interactions, play a significant role in crystal packing and material properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C(16)H(11)BrO.
    • To analyze the planarity of the dihydro-indene ring system and its orientation relative to the bromo-substituted benzene ring.
    • To identify and characterize the intermolecular interactions responsible for crystal stabilization.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.

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  • Crystallographic data were analyzed to assess planarity and dihedral angles.
  • Intermolecular interactions were identified and analyzed using geometric criteria.

    • Main Results:

    • The dihydro-indene ring system in C(16)H(11)BrO exhibits near planarity (maximum deviation of 0.008 Å).
    • A small dihedral angle of 3.73° was observed between the dihydro-indene and bromo-substituted benzene rings.
    • The crystal structure is stabilized by weak intermolecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming sheets and C-H⋯π interactions.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal structure of C(16)H(11)BrO is characterized by a nearly planar dihydro-indene core and a slightly twisted bromo-benzene ring.
    • Weak intermolecular forces, specifically C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯π interactions, are key to the observed crystal packing.
    • This structural information provides insights into the solid-state behavior of related organic compounds.