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Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Isolation of Blood-vessel-derived Multipotent Precursors from Human Skeletal Muscle

Isolation of Blood-vessel-derived Multipotent Precursors from Human Skeletal Muscle

Published on: August 21, 2014

Stem cells and the vasculature.

Victoria L Bautch¹

¹Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. bautch@med.unc.edu

Nature Medicine

|November 9, 2011

Summary

Stem and progenitor cells are crucial for blood vessel formation and function. This review explores their reciprocal roles in development, disease, and the creation of stem cell niches.

Area of Science:

Vascular Biology
Stem Cell Research
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

The interplay between stem/progenitor cells and blood vessels is a key area in vascular research.
Significant controversies exist regarding these relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the contributions of vascular stem and progenitor cells to vascular and nonvascular lineages.
To explore how nonvascular stem cells may form vascular lineages.
To discuss the role of vasculature in stem cell niche formation.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent advancements in vascular and stem cell research.
Synthesis of findings on cell contributions and niche formation.
Analysis of disease implications and therapeutic potential.

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Three-dimensional Angiogenesis Assay System using Co-culture Spheroids Formed by Endothelial Colony Forming Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Three-dimensional Angiogenesis Assay System using Co-culture Spheroids Formed by Endothelial Colony Forming Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: September 18, 2019

Immunomagnetic Isolation of the Vascular Wall-Resident CD34+ Stem Cells from Mice

Immunomagnetic Isolation of the Vascular Wall-Resident CD34⁺ Stem Cells from Mice

Published on: December 22, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Isolation of Blood-vessel-derived Multipotent Precursors from Human Skeletal Muscle

Isolation of Blood-vessel-derived Multipotent Precursors from Human Skeletal Muscle

Published on: August 21, 2014

Three-dimensional Angiogenesis Assay System using Co-culture Spheroids Formed by Endothelial Colony Forming Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Three-dimensional Angiogenesis Assay System using Co-culture Spheroids Formed by Endothelial Colony Forming Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: September 18, 2019

Immunomagnetic Isolation of the Vascular Wall-Resident CD34+ Stem Cells from Mice

Immunomagnetic Isolation of the Vascular Wall-Resident CD34⁺ Stem Cells from Mice

Published on: December 22, 2023

Main Results:

Vascular stem and progenitor cells generate both vascular and nonvascular cells during development and disease.
Nonvascular stem and progenitor cells can contribute to vascular lineages.
The vasculature plays a critical role in establishing stem and progenitor cell niches.

Conclusions:

Understanding the reciprocal relationship between stem cells and vasculature is vital for disease etiology and treatment.
Further research into these interactions holds therapeutic promise.