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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
05:12

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

Published on: May 12, 2023

Minimally-invasive parathyroid surgery.

R Bellantone1, M Raffaelli, C DE Crea

  • 1Department of Surgery, Division of General and Endocrine Surgery, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Rome, Italy.

Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Otorinolaringologia E Chirurgia Cervico-Facciale
|November 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by producing...

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See all related articles

Minimally-invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy (MIVAP) offers better cosmetic results and pain control compared to open minimally-invasive parathyroidectomy (OMIP). Further research is needed to confirm long-term safety and efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrine Surgery
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques
  • Parathyroid Surgery

Background:

  • Minimally-invasive parathyroidectomy techniques have evolved significantly over the past 20 years.
  • Various approaches exist, including open, radio-guided, video-assisted, and endoscopic methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze the indications, outcomes, advantages, and disadvantages of different minimally-invasive parathyroidectomy techniques.
  • To compare minimally-invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy (MIVAP) with other surgical approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pertinent studies on minimally-invasive parathyroidectomy.
  • Analysis of operative outcomes, cosmetic results, pain control, and technical aspects of various techniques.
Keywords:
Endoscopic parathyroidectomyMinimally invasive parathyroidectomyVideo-assisted parathyroidectomy

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
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Published on: May 12, 2023

Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach
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Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach

Published on: September 15, 2023

Main Results:

  • Minimally-invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy (MIVAP) shows potential advantages over open minimally-invasive parathyroidectomy (OMIP) regarding cosmetic outcomes, visualization, and pain management.
  • Low-level evidence suggests MIVAP may be technically less demanding than other endoscopic approaches and allows for bilateral exploration and thyroid procedures.
  • MIVAP feasibility in secondary and familial hyperparathyroidism is noted, though conclusive data are pending.

Conclusions:

  • MIVAP appears to be a promising minimally-invasive technique for parathyroidectomy, offering several benefits over traditional open methods.
  • Longer follow-up studies are required to establish the long-term safety and cure rates of MIVAP compared to conventional surgery.
  • MIVAP demonstrates feasibility for complex hyperparathyroidism cases, warranting further investigation.