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Related Concept Videos

Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy01:22

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

In Situ Immunofluorescent Staining of Autophagy in Muscle Stem Cells
08:35

In Situ Immunofluorescent Staining of Autophagy in Muscle Stem Cells

Published on: June 12, 2017

Autophagy in stem cell maintenance and differentiation.

Alexandre Teixeira Vessoni1, Alysson Renato Muotri, Oswaldo Keith Okamoto

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. alexandre.vessoni@usp.br

Stem Cells and Development
|November 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autophagy, a cellular recycling process, is crucial for stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and reprogramming. Modulating autophagy enhances induced pluripotent stem cell generation and differentiation efficiency.

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Culture and Maintenance of Human Embryonic Stem Cells
09:36

Culture and Maintenance of Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: December 22, 2009

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

In Situ Immunofluorescent Staining of Autophagy in Muscle Stem Cells
08:35

In Situ Immunofluorescent Staining of Autophagy in Muscle Stem Cells

Published on: June 12, 2017

Culture and Maintenance of Human Embryonic Stem Cells
09:36

Culture and Maintenance of Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: December 22, 2009

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Autophagy is a fundamental cellular degradation and recycling pathway.
  • Deficiencies in autophagy are linked to diseases like neurodegeneration, cancer, and aging.
  • Autophagy generates metabolic precursors essential for cellular functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on autophagy's role in stem cell maintenance.
  • To explore autophagy's involvement in cell differentiation and reprogramming.
  • To discuss the impact of autophagy modulation on induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent discoveries in autophagy research.
  • Analysis of studies investigating autophagy in stem cells and differentiation.
  • Examination of mechanisms linking autophagy to cellular reprogramming and iPSC generation.

Main Results:

  • Autophagy is critical for maintaining stem cell populations.
  • Autophagy influences various cell differentiation processes.
  • Autophagy contributes to cellular reprogramming and iPSC generation through ATP production and mitophagy.

Conclusions:

  • Autophagy plays a vital role in stem cell biology, differentiation, and reprogramming.
  • Targeting autophagy can improve the efficiency of iPSC generation and differentiation.
  • Further research into autophagy modulation holds therapeutic potential for regenerative medicine.