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Renal cysts in pediatric patients. A classification and overview
1Department of Pathology, Washington University, Barnes and Affiliated Hospitals, St. Louis, MO.
Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|January 1, 1990
Summary
Renal cysts are common, varying in presentation and often containing plasma ultrafiltrate. Classification requires considering clinical factors alongside morphology, especially for inherited polycystic kidney diseases.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Genetics
- Pediatric Nephrology
Background:
- Renal cysts are common, presenting as single or multiple, cortical or medullary lesions.
- Most renal cysts are fluid-filled, epithelial-lined structures resembling plasma ultrafiltrates.
- A comprehensive classification should integrate clinical data (age, family history) with morphological features.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline a clinically useful classification of renal cysts.
- To differentiate common renal cysts from rarer cystic renal lesions.
- To highlight the genetic basis and clinical manifestations of polycystic kidney diseases.
Main Methods:
- Review of renal cyst morphology and classification systems.
- Analysis of clinical presentations and associations of various renal cystic diseases.
- Discussion of pathogenetic mechanisms, particularly in familial forms.
Main Results:
- Renal cysts exhibit diverse characteristics (number, location, wall thickness).
- Renal dysplasia leads to characteristic cystic changes.
- Autosomal dominant and recessive polycystic kidney diseases are distinct familial entities with varying onset and associations.
Conclusions:
- Effective renal cyst classification necessitates a multi-faceted approach.
- Familial polycystic kidney diseases require specific diagnostic considerations.
- Understanding pathogenesis is crucial for managing diverse cystic renal lesions.