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Related Concept Videos

Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male reproductive...
Spermatogenesis01:22

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves the development of sperm cells from undifferentiated stem cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The process is essential for the production of mature and functional sperm cells that are capable of fertilizing an egg.
The process of spermatogenesis can be divided into mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. During mitosis, the spermatogonia or stem cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells, type A and B spermatogonia. Type-A...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness02:19

The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness

The Y chromosome is a sex chromosome found in several vertebrates and mammals, including humans. In addition to 22 pairs of autosomes, the human males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. In these organisms, the presence or absence of the Y chromosome determines the development of male traits.
Evolution
Around 300 million years ago, the two sex chromosomes diverged from two identical autosomal chromosomes. Over time, the Y chromosome has lost most of its genes, shrinking in size. Today,...
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model
09:40

A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model

Published on: February 6, 2018

Mll5 is required for normal spermatogenesis.

Damian B Yap1, David C Walker, Leah M Prentice

  • 1Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Plos One
|November 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mll5 protein is essential for male fertility and sperm development in mice. Its deficiency causes infertility due to defects in sperm maturation and motility, highlighting its role in spermatogenesis.

More Related Videos

Isolation of Murine Spermatogenic Cells using a Violet-Excited Cell-Permeable DNA Binding Dye
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Isolation of Murine Spermatogenic Cells using a Violet-Excited Cell-Permeable DNA Binding Dye

Published on: January 14, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model
09:40

A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model

Published on: February 6, 2018

Isolation of Murine Spermatogenic Cells using a Violet-Excited Cell-Permeable DNA Binding Dye
08:21

Isolation of Murine Spermatogenic Cells using a Violet-Excited Cell-Permeable DNA Binding Dye

Published on: January 14, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics and Gene Regulation
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Mammalian Genetics

Background:

  • Mll5 (Mixed-lineage leukemia 5) is a SET domain histone methyltransferase with roles in stem cell differentiation.
  • Loss of Mll5 leads to synthetic lethality in genome demethylation and male infertility.
  • This study investigates the specific consequences of Mll5 deficiency in male mice spermatogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of Mll5 in mammalian spermatogenesis.
  • To identify the specific defects in sperm development caused by Mll5 deficiency.
  • To explore potential molecular targets of Mll5 in the context of male fertility.

Main Methods:

  • RNA in-situ hybridization to assess Mll5 expression in testes.
  • Electron and video microscopy to analyze sperm morphology and maturation.
  • In vitro fertilization assays to evaluate sperm function.
  • Microarray analysis to identify dysregulated transcripts.

Main Results:

  • Mll5 is expressed in germ cells of wild-type mouse testes.
  • Mll5-deficient male mice exhibit infertility with defects in sperm terminal maturation.
  • Observed defects include acrosomal cap detachment, impaired cytoplasm removal, and lack of progressive sperm motility.
  • Microarray analysis revealed dysregulation of spermatogenesis-related transcripts in Mll5-deficient mice.

Conclusions:

  • Mll5 plays a critical role in mammalian spermatogenesis, particularly in terminal differentiation.
  • The findings support the classification of Mll5 within the SET3 branch of proteins.
  • Potential Mll5 targets, including Tlk2, Utx, Gpr64, Sult4a1, Rap2ip, Vstm2, and HoxA10, are identified as potentially mediating sperm maturation defects.