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Related Concept Videos

Types of Toxins01:36

Types of Toxins

Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
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Environmental pollutants like...
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Drug toxicity quantifies the harm a compound causes to an organism, varying by dose and potentially impacting whole systems or specific organs like the liver. Toxic reactions may arise from venomous insect or spider bites, with effects ranging from mild symptoms to severe outcomes such as brain damage or death. Common forms of acute poisoning include ethanol intoxication and overdose of pain or fever medications, with substances like GHB and heroin being particularly lethal at doses close to...
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Animal Toxins: How is Complexity Represented in Databases?

Florence Jungo1, Anne Estreicher, Amos Bairoch

  • 1Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Centre Medical Universitaire, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland. Florence.Jungo@isb-sib.ch

Toxins
|November 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review highlights key venom toxin databases, including ArachnoServer, ConoServer, UniProtKB, and ATDB. It details the specific information available from each resource for researchers studying animal toxins.

Keywords:
ATDBArachnoServerConoServerTox-ProtUniProtKB/Swiss-Protanimal toxindatabasevenom protein

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology and Toxicology
  • Bioinformatics and Cheminformatics

Background:

  • Venomous animals produce peptide toxins extensively studied for decades.
  • Knowledge on these toxins is crucial for scientific advancement.
  • Databases are essential for storing, annotating, and retrieving toxin information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the types of information accessible from various toxin databases.
  • To guide researchers in selecting appropriate databases for their needs.
  • To provide an overview of specialized and generalist toxin knowledgebases.

Main Methods:

  • Review and description of existing venom toxin databases.
  • Analysis of the specific data content and features of each database.
  • Comparison of ArachnoServer, ConoServer, UniProtKB, and ATDB.

Main Results:

  • ArachnoServer and ConoServer offer specialized data on spider and cone snail toxins, respectively.
  • UniProtKB provides broad coverage of animal toxins through a dedicated annotation program.
  • ATDB acts as a metadatabase, integrating data from other sources and offering toxin ontology.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple databases cater to the study of venom toxins, each with unique strengths.
  • Researchers can access specialized or comprehensive toxin data depending on their focus.
  • These resources facilitate efficient retrieval and utilization of venom toxin knowledge.