Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects01:21

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects

Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
Unlike...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
Botulism01:22

Botulism

Botulism is a life-threatening neuroparalytic condition caused by botulinum neurotoxin, which is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, a Gram-positive, spore-forming, obligate anaerobe.In adults, the toxin enters the body in different ways: in foodborne botulism, the preformed toxin is absorbed in the intestine. In wound botulism, spores grow in injured tissue and release the toxin into the blood. Infant botulism differs mechanistically from adult forms. In infants, botulism commonly...
Tetanus01:29

Tetanus

Tetanus is a life-threatening neurological disorder characterized by persistent muscle contractions and spastic paralysis. It is caused by Clostridium tetani, a motile, Gram-positive, rod-shaped, obligate anaerobe. These bacteria produce terminal endospores, giving them a distinctive “lollipop” or “tennis-racket” appearance. They thrive in anaerobic environments, such as those found in deep puncture wounds.Once introduced into the body, the spores germinate into vegetative cells. These cells...
Poliomyelitis01:17

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Relapsing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis as a trigger for Kounis syndrome: a case report.

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine·2026
Same author

Vibrio coralliilyticus: A temperature-driven coral pathogen-Genomic virulence, environmental interactions, and integrated biocontrol strategies.

Marine pollution bulletin·2026
Same author

Tumour Necrosis Factor-α Promotes Pyroptosis in Diabetic Liver Injury via the HMGB1/TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Pathway.

Journal of cellular and molecular medicine·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "Sodium cyclamate enhances Vibrio parahaemolyticus biofilm formation on seafood-contact surfaces" [Food Res. Int. 235 (2026) 119195].

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)·2026
Same author

Sodium cyclamate enhances Vibrio parahaemolyticus biofilm formation on seafood-contact surfaces.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)·2026
Same author

SPNS2 exports sphingosine-1-phosphate and imports glucose.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Axial gout diagnosed by dual-energy CT in a young normouricaemic man with recurrent nephrolithiasis: a case-based review.

Rheumatology international·2026
Same journal

Psoriatic arthritis patients have increased morbidity already at the time of diagnosis: a case-control study.

Rheumatology international·2026
Same journal

VEXAS syndrome unmasked from relapsing polychondritis and infection mimicry: a case-based review.

Rheumatology international·2026
Same journal

Myocarditis as the first sign of SLE: a case report and review of the literature.

Rheumatology international·2026
Same journal

Infrared thermography of the tongue in systemic lupus erythematosus: a pilot study of thermal response to cold stimulation.

Rheumatology international·2026
Same journal

Pre-referral laboratory completeness and diagnostic yield in an early arthritis clinic: a retrospective single-centre analysis.

Rheumatology international·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery
05:53

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery

Published on: August 17, 2022

Hysterical paralysis after spinal surgery.

Liang Zhu, Bin Ni, Qunfeng Guo

    Rheumatology International
    |November 11, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Psychogenic paralysis is an uncommon disorder that can occur after spinal surgery. Recognizing this nonanatomic functional deficit is crucial for orthopedic surgeons to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure proper patient treatment.

    More Related Videos

    Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review
    04:33

    Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

    Published on: November 8, 2024

    Reproducable Paraplegia by Thoracic Aortic Occlusion in a Murine Model of Spinal Cord Ischemia-reperfusion
    05:59

    Reproducable Paraplegia by Thoracic Aortic Occlusion in a Murine Model of Spinal Cord Ischemia-reperfusion

    Published on: March 3, 2014

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 27, 2026

    Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery
    05:53

    Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery

    Published on: August 17, 2022

    Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review
    04:33

    Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

    Published on: November 8, 2024

    Reproducable Paraplegia by Thoracic Aortic Occlusion in a Murine Model of Spinal Cord Ischemia-reperfusion
    05:59

    Reproducable Paraplegia by Thoracic Aortic Occlusion in a Murine Model of Spinal Cord Ischemia-reperfusion

    Published on: March 3, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Orthopedic Surgery

    Background:

    • Psychogenic paralysis is a rare condition presenting as a loss of motor function without an organic cause.
    • This case report focuses on psychogenic paralysis following spinal surgery, an uncommon but critical differential diagnosis.

    Observation:

    • Two middle-aged male patients presented with complete loss of extremities function post-spinal surgery.
    • Neither patient had a history of hysterical seizures.
    • Clinical presentation exhibited nonanatomic neurological deficits inconsistent with typical spinal pathology.

    Findings:

    • Both patients experienced spontaneous recovery and uneventful hospital discharge.
    • The observed symptoms and signs did not align with a standard neurological deficit pattern.

    Implications:

    • Orthopedic surgeons must be vigilant for psychogenic paralysis to prevent unnecessary surgical interventions.
    • Awareness of nonanatomic functional deficits aids in timely diagnosis and reduces patient management delays.
    • Prompt recognition and appropriate management are key for favorable outcomes in psychogenic paralysis.