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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR
14:14

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR

Published on: December 6, 2014

Primary immunodeficiency update and newborn screening.

Mercedes C Amado1

  • 1University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, USA. mamado@cmh.edu

Missouri Medicine
|November 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is often undetectable in newborns. Newborn screening for T cell receptor excision circles (TREC) enables early diagnosis and treatment, improving survival rates.

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Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR
14:14

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR

Published on: December 6, 2014

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
08:46

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) often presents with no visible symptoms in newborns.
  • Early diagnosis of SCID is critical, as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation within the first three months of life significantly improves survival and reduces medical costs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of newborn screening for SCID.
  • To emphasize the role of T cell receptor excision circles (TREC) in early SCID detection.

Main Methods:

  • Newborn screening protocols.
  • Measurement of T cell receptor excision circles (TREC) as a biomarker for T cell maturation.
  • Analysis of SCID diagnosis and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Newborn screening using TREC can lead to the early diagnosis of SCID.
  • Early diagnosis facilitates timely intervention, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
  • The Secretary of Health and Human Services recommended adding TREC screening to newborn panels.

Conclusions:

  • Newborn screening for TREC is a vital tool for the early detection and management of SCID.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment significantly enhance survival rates and decrease healthcare burdens associated with SCID.