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Assessing ecosystem vulnerability to invasive rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus).

Julian D Olden1, M Jake Vander Zanden, Pieter T J Johnson

  • 1School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA. olden@uw.edu

Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America
|November 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study predicts ecosystem vulnerability to invasive rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) by assessing introduction risk and native species impacts. It identifies high-risk freshwater habitats to guide conservation and management efforts.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Invasive Species Biology
  • Conservation Science

Background:

  • Nonnative species introductions are widespread, yet ecosystem vulnerability assessments are limited.
  • Understanding invasion processes (arrival, establishment, impact) is crucial for effective management.
  • Wisconsin's freshwater ecosystems face threats from invasive species like the rusty crayfish.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a probabilistic, spatially explicit model for predicting ecosystem vulnerability to species invasions.
  • To assess the vulnerability of Wisconsin's lakes and streams to the invasive rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus).
  • To identify high-risk areas for invasion and inform conservation resource allocation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a species distribution model to estimate the risk of rusty crayfish introduction and establishment.
  • Employed a retrospective analysis of population changes to assess the sensitivity of native crayfish communities.
  • Applied artificial neural networks to predict ecosystem vulnerability across Wisconsin's freshwater landscapes.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 10% of lakes and 25% of streams were predicted suitable for rusty crayfish.
  • Invasive rusty crayfish significantly increased the extirpation risk of native crayfish (Orconectes virilis and Orconectes propinquus).
  • Identified specific lakes and streams with high probability of invasion and native species extirpation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model effectively identifies vulnerable ecosystems to invasive species.
  • Prioritizing management actions in high-risk areas is crucial for preventing ecological impacts.
  • An online mapping tool facilitates communication between researchers and stakeholders for informed decision-making.