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Related Concept Videos

Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients
18:48

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

Published on: August 12, 2017

T-cell activation and transplantation tolerance.

Bhavana Priyadharshini1, Dale L Greiner, Michael A Brehm

  • 1Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.

Transplantation Reviews (Orlando, Fla.)
|November 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Developing costimulation blockade can induce transplantation tolerance, offering an alternative to lifelong immunosuppression for organ transplant recipients. This approach aims to prevent graft rejection and reduce risks associated with current immune suppressive agents.

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients
18:48

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

Published on: August 12, 2017

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11:49

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation

Published on: May 2, 2013

Measurement of T Cell Alloreactivity Using Imaging Flow Cytometry
09:04

Measurement of T Cell Alloreactivity Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: April 19, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplantation Science
  • Drug Development

Background:

  • Allogeneic tissue transplantation triggers immune responses, causing graft rejection.
  • Current immunosuppressive drugs have significant toxicity and long-term risks like infection and malignancy.
  • Lifelong immunosuppression is standard but suboptimal for organ transplant recipients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the development and application of costimulation blockade.
  • To induce transplantation tolerance and overcome graft rejection.
  • To explore T cell signaling in balancing graft survival and rejection.

Main Methods:

  • Development of costimulation blockade strategies.
  • Application of these strategies in transplantation models.
  • Analysis of T cell activation pathways and signaling.

Main Results:

  • Costimulation blockade demonstrates potential for inducing transplantation tolerance.
  • Understanding T cell signaling is crucial for graft survival.
  • This approach may reduce reliance on traditional immunosuppressants.

Conclusions:

  • Costimulation blockade is a promising strategy to achieve transplantation tolerance.
  • Targeting T cell costimulatory signals can prevent graft rejection.
  • Further research into T cell signaling can lead to improved transplant outcomes.