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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dependence01:17

Drug Dependence

Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
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Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not necessarily...
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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
An Overview of Psychoactive Drugs01:28

An Overview of Psychoactive Drugs

Psychoactive drugs impact brain function, influencing perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, and behavior. These substances are grouped based on their effects and the mechanisms by which they act.
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Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
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Drugs can be classified according to their chemical composition or their intended therapeutic application. For instance, anti-infective agents that possess the ability to eliminate pathogens or suppress their growth and reproduction can be grouped based on the organisms they target or their chemical structure. Furthermore, drugs can be divided into prescription, nonprescription, or controlled substances. Prescription medications, such as antibiotics, require oversight from a licensed healthcare...

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A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder
07:51

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Published on: June 18, 2018

Drug use as consumer behavior.

Gordon Robert Foxall1, Valdimar Sigurdsson

  • 1Cardiff Business School, Aberconway Building, Colum Drive, Cardiff, CF10 3EU, United Kingdom. foxall@cf.ac.uk http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/carbs/faculty/foxall/index.html.

The Behavioral and Brain Sciences
|November 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study integrates drug consumption research using memory function theory, viewing drug self-administration as general consumer behavior. It emphasizes reinforcement contingencies in drug use patterns, shifting focus from addiction to consumption.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Traditional addiction research often overlooks the broader context of drug use.
  • Understanding drug self-administration requires a framework beyond solely focusing on addiction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To integrate drug consumption research through a theory of memory function.
  • To conceptualize drug self-administration as a general pattern of consumer behavior.
  • To explicate reinforcement contingencies within drug consumption patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical integration of memory function theory with drug consumption research.
  • Conceptual framework development for drug use as consumer behavior.
  • Analysis of reinforcement contingencies in various modes of drug consumption.

Main Results:

  • Drug self-administration is framed as a component of general consumption patterns.
  • A comprehensive model for understanding drug use as consumer behavior is proposed.
  • Reinforcement contingencies are identified as key factors in drug consumption modes.

Conclusions:

  • Viewing drug consumption through the lens of memory function and consumer behavior offers a novel perspective.
  • This approach shifts emphasis from addiction to the broader patterns of drug use.
  • Understanding reinforcement contingencies is crucial for a comprehensive theory of drug consumption.