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Updated: May 27, 2026

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation

Published on: April 2, 2012

Herpes simplex virus-induced plasmacytic atypia.

Alan S Boyd¹, Jeffrey P Zwerner, Jami L Miller

¹Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. alan.boyd@Vanderbilt.edu

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology

|November 15, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This case study highlights atypical cutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) presentation in an immunocompromised patient. Unusual histopathology mimicked malignancy, emphasizing the need for careful diagnosis in complex cases.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Virology
Pathology

Background:

Cutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections typically present with characteristic clinical and histopathological features.
Genital herpes is primarily caused by HSV type 2, though HSV type 1 accounts for 30% of cases.
Immunocompromised individuals often display atypical presentations of HSV infection, including varied lesion morphology and location.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe an unusual case of cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection in an immunocompromised patient.
To highlight diagnostic challenges posed by atypical histopathological findings that may mimic other conditions.

Main Methods:

Case report presentation of a patient with a history of pemphigus vulgaris and immunosuppressive therapy.
Histopathological examination of a perineal ulcer biopsy.
Immunoperoxidase staining to detect herpes simplex virus.

Main Results:

The patient presented with a perineal ulcer showing atypical plasma cells, raising suspicion for hematopoietic malignancy.
Histopathology revealed an absence of expected keratinocyte cytopathology and viral changes.
Immunoperoxidase staining confirmed herpes simplex virus (HSV) in a focal collection of keratinocytes, despite the lack of typical viral cytopathic effects.

Conclusions:

Atypical presentations of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection can occur in immunocompromised patients, posing diagnostic challenges.
Histopathological findings may deviate significantly from classic presentations, necessitating a high index of suspicion and thorough diagnostic workup.
Immunoperoxidase staining is crucial for confirming HSV in cases with ambiguous morphology.