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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

Stem Cell Culture

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Scalable 96-well Plate Based iPSC Culture and Production Using a Robotic Liquid Handling System

Scalable 96-well Plate Based iPSC Culture and Production Using a Robotic Liquid Handling System

Published on: May 14, 2015

Current progress and potential practical application for human pluripotent stem cells.

Elena S Philonenko¹, Maria V Shutova, Ilya V Chestkov

¹National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia.

International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology

|November 15, 2011

Summary

Human pluripotent stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), offer therapeutic potential. This review compares ESCs and iPSCs, highlighting challenges and prospects for their biomedical applications.

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Isolation of Adult Human Dermal Fibroblasts from Abdominal Skin and Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using a Non-Integrating Method

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Scalable 96-well Plate Based iPSC Culture and Production Using a Robotic Liquid Handling System

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Published on: May 14, 2015

Isolation of Adult Human Dermal Fibroblasts from Abdominal Skin and Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using a Non-Integrating Method

Isolation of Adult Human Dermal Fibroblasts from Abdominal Skin and Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using a Non-Integrating Method

Published on: January 19, 2020

Area of Science:

Stem cell biology
Regenerative medicine
Cellular reprogramming

Background:

Pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into any cell type.
Human pluripotent stem cells are derived from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
ESCs are well-researched with ongoing clinical trials, while iPSCs are a newer technology.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare and contrast ESCs and iPSCs.
To assess the potential applications of both cell types in biomedicine.
To identify current challenges hindering iPSC clinical implementation.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on ESCs and iPSCs.
Comparative analysis of derivation methods and characteristics.
Assessment of current research trends and clinical trial data.

Main Results:

ESCs and iPSCs share pluripotency but differ in origin and potential applications.
iPSC technology allows patient-specific cell derivation.
Significant hurdles remain for widespread iPSC clinical use.

Conclusions:

Both ESCs and iPSCs hold promise for regenerative medicine.
Further research is needed to overcome iPSC-related challenges.
Comparative understanding is crucial for advancing stem cell therapies.