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Updated: May 27, 2026

Optical Photothermal Infrared-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (OPTIR-FISH)
Published on: February 23, 2024
New trends in fluorescence in situ hybridization for identification and functional analyses of microbes
Michael Wagner1, Susanne Haider
1Department of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria. wagner@microbial-ecology.net
Abstract:
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has become an indispensable tool for rapid and direct single-cell identification of microbes by detecting signature regions in their rRNA molecules. Recent advances in this field include new web-based tools for assisting probe design and optimization of experimental conditions, easy-to-implement signal amplification strategies, innovative multiplexing approaches, and the combination of FISH with transmission electron microscopy or extracellular staining techniques. Further emerging developments focus on sorting FISH-identified cells for subsequent single-cell genomics and on the direct detection of specific genes within single microbial cells by advanced FISH techniques employing various strategies for massive signal amplification.
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