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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
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Published on: March 8, 2018

Individual differences in trauma disclosure.

Michele Bedard-Gilligan1, Jeff Jaeger, Aileen Echiverri-Cohen

  • 1University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States. mab29@u.washington.edu

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
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Individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) find disclosing traumatic events more difficult, though not necessarily less detailed. This difficulty is linked to specific trauma types, suggesting complex disclosure patterns in PTSD.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies
  • Mental Health

Background:

  • Disclosure and adjustment after trauma vary.
  • Understanding individual differences in disclosure is key to understanding trauma reactions.
  • Examining disclosure in relation to psychopathology and event emotionality can clarify trauma-PTSD links.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate disclosure patterns of traumatic events in individuals with and without post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
  • To explore the relationship between disclosure difficulty, event type, and trauma history.
  • To clarify the role of event emotionality and individual differences in disclosure following trauma exposure.

Main Methods:

  • 143 participants (men and women) were studied, categorized into groups with chronic PTSD, trauma exposure without PTSD, and no trauma exposure.
  • Disclosure information was collected for a traumatic/severe life event, a negative event, and a positive event.
  • Analysis focused on differences in disclosure difficulty, frequency, and detail across groups and event types.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with PTSD reported greater difficulty disclosing their traumatic event compared to other groups.
  • Disclosure frequency and detail for traumatic events were similar between individuals with PTSD and those with trauma exposure but no PTSD.
  • Both sexual trauma and childhood trauma were associated with increased difficulty in disclosure.

Conclusions:

  • The difficulty in disclosing traumatic events among individuals with PTSD is not solely based on the quantity of disclosure or detail provided.
  • Findings suggest a dynamic interplay between trauma characteristics, individual psychopathology, and disclosure patterns.
  • Control events may not fully capture event salience, potentially limiting generalizability.